大学英语三级语法学习知识情况总结汇总

三级语法考点归纳⼀．虚拟语⽓1. if 句中虚拟形式

if 引导的⾮真实条件句（纯粹假设或发⽣的可能性不⼤）：条件从句主句

与现在相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do与将来相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do与过去相反had done would/ should/ might/ could have done例句

If we left (leave) now, we should arrive in time.

If they hadn’t gone on vacation, their house wouldn’t have been broken (break) into.2. 原形虚拟：

a. 表命令、决定、要求、建议等词语之后的that-分句中，⽤动词原形。

suggest, demand, advise, propose, order, arrange, insist, command, require, request, desire …… that ＋(should) do例如He suggested that we should leave early.My suggestion is that we should tell him.b. It is (was) 形容词/名词that …… (should) do/

例如It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first.3. ⼀些句型中的虚拟形式：

1. It’s (high, about, the first, etc.) time (that) …动词过去时…例如It’s time we left.例如It is time we went to bed.2 would rather/sooner 宁愿as if/ though 好像

would rather/sooner 谓语⽤过去时与现在或者将来相反as if/ though 谓语⽤过去完成时与过去相反4．练习

1. I _______ try it again if I_______you.A. will；amB. should；amC. would；wereD. would；had been

2. If it _______ not for the water，the plants _______live.A. were；would notB. is；could not

C. were；couldD. did；could not

3. If I _______ that chance to show my ability, I _______the president of this school.A. have not had；could not becomeB. had not had；would not havebecome

C. did not have；could not becomeD. doesn’t have；will not become

4. He _______ by that burglar if you _______ to save him.A. might have been killed；hadn’t comeB. will be killed；didn’t comeC. may be killed；did’t comeD. could be killed；haven’t come

5. If it _______for your help，I _______that hard time with so little money.A. were not；would not spendB. is not；can not spend

C. had not been；would not have spentD. have not been；will not spend

6. Where _______ you go if war _______?A. will；breaks outB. do；will break outC. would；were to break outD. will；is to break out

7. She wishes she _______ that humiliating thing.A. doesn’t doB. didn’t doC. haven’t doneD. hadn’t done

8. The chairman suggested that the meeting _______ put off.A. can beB. beC. isD. will be

9. It is vital that he _______ immediately.A. should go

B. must goC. goesD. went

10. It is time we _______do our homework.A. begin toB. can begin toC. began toD. will begin to答案：

1.选C。表⽰与现在事实相反的假设(指现在的假设) (译⽂; 如果我是你，我会再试⼀次)2选A。表⽰与现在事实相反的假设(指现在的假设)。(译⽂：要是没有⽔，植物就不能存活。)3.选B。表⽰与过去事实相反的假设。

4 A。表⽰与过去事实相反的假设。(译⽂：要不是你来救他，他早就被那个窃贼杀了。)5. C。与过去事实相反的假设。(译：要没有你帮忙，我那点⼉钱是⽆法度过那段艰苦岁⽉的。)6.选C。表⽰与将来事实相反的假设。(译⽂：要是战争爆发了，你会上哪⼉去？)7.选D。虚拟语⽓⽤于宾语从句。(译⽂：她真希望⾃⼰没有做过那件丢脸的事情。)8. 选B。虚拟语⽓⽤于表⽰“建议”等意义的动词后。(译⽂：建议会议延期举⾏。)9. 选A。虚拟语⽓⽤于主语从句(It is ／was + 形容词+ that 引导的分句)。

10. 选C。虚拟语⽓⽤于定语从句It is time (that)...句型。(译⽂：我们该开始做作业了。)⼆．动词的时态

2. 时间状语与动词时态的搭配

⼀定的时态往往和⼀定的时间状语连⽤。

always ,usually, sometimes, ⼀般现在时do/does am is arelast week, yesterday, a few days ago ⼀般过去时did was/ werenext week, tomorrow, in a week, this year ⼀般将来时will donow, at present, at this moment 现在进⾏时be +doing

so far, up to now, by the time, since的主句现在完成时has/have done

3. 练习，⽤动词的适当形式填空1. He _______ (be) eighteen next year.2. It _______ (rain) every day so far this month.

3. Mozart _______ (write) more than 600 pieces of music.4. If it _______ (rain) tomorrow，we’ll have to stay at home.

5. How fast _______ he _______ (drive) when the accident happened?

6. By the time Mr. Smith left school，he _______ (teach) that course for twenty-five years.7. Perhaps he _______ (finish) reading the book by this time tomorrow.1. 填will be。next year为表⽰将来时态的时间状语

2. 填has rained。so far是“到⽬前为⽌”的意思，常和现在完成时搭配使⽤。3. 填wrote。Mozart (莫扎特)是已去世的⾳乐家，故应使⽤过去时。4.填rains。在条件状语从句中，要⽤⼀般现在时表⽰将来发⽣的事情。5. 填was...driving。表⽰过去某⼀时刻发⽣的动作要⽤过去进⾏时。

6. 填had taught。句中有by the time Mr. Smith left school，主语的谓语应⽤过去完成时。

7. 填will have finished。句中有by this time tomorrow，主语的谓语应⽤将来完成时。三动词的被动语态

1. The construction of the library_______ before the end of next month.A. must have completedB. must have been completedC. must be completedD. must complete

2. The subject of these lectures _______ by the lecture committee.A. announces

B. have been announcedC. announced

D. has been announced

3. My pictures _______ until next week.A. won’t developB. aren’t developingC. don’t developD. won’t be developed

4. They _______ so that we wouldn’t recognize them.A. costumedB. disguisedC. were disguisingD.were disguised

5. All the apparatus (器械) _______ before the experiment began.A. had been preparedB. were preparedC. had been preparedD. had prepared

6. The world’s supplies of copper _______ .A. have been gradually being exhaustedB. has gradually exhaustedC. are gradually exhaustedD. are being gradually exhausted

7. The goods _______ when we arrived at the airport.A. were just unloadingB. were just being unloadedC. had just unloadedD. were just been unloaded

8. Tom _______ the best student in his class.A. regardsB. regards asC. has regarded asD. is regarded as

9. The sports meeting _______ because of the bad weather.A. put offB. was put offC. was putted offD. has put off

1. C。情态动词的被动语态为：情态动词+be+done。(译：到下⽉底图书馆的修建必须完⼯)2.D现在完成时的被动语态为：have been+done (译：讲座的课题已由讲座委员会宣布了。)3. D。⼀般将来时的被动语态为：will be+done，其否定形式为：will not be +done4.D⼀般过去时的被动语态为was/were+过去分词(译:为了不让我们认出来,他们伪装了起来)5. C。过去完成时的被动语态的构成为：had been+过去分词。

6. D现在进⾏时的被动语态为：are/is/am being+过去分词。(译:世界的铜资源正逐渐被耗尽)7.B。过去进⾏时的被动语态为：was／were being+过去分词。(译:我们到机场时正在卸货物。)8. D。(译⽂：汤姆被认为是班⾥最好的学⽣。)9. B。(译⽂：运动会因天⽓不好被取消了。)四定语从句

1.定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰⼀个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先⾏词。定语从句通常紧跟在先⾏词后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。关系副词有：when, where, why等。

例题：The Social Security Retirement Program is made up of two trust funds，_______ could gopenniless by next year.A. the large oneB. the larger of whichC. the largest oneD. the largest of which

选B。因为前⾯有two，所以不能选D，A没有连接⼿段，也不能选。三级试题中定语从句的考题：

1、I tried to get of the business _____ I found impossible to carry on.A) why B)which C)what D)where

2、Once more I have to leave Beijing , _____ I have been living for eight years.A) that B)where C)which D)as

3、This book is designed for the leaners_____native languages are not English.A)whose B)which C)who D)what

4、She got to know the young man very well_____she had worked for so long.A)to whom B)in whom C)whom D)with whom

5、The hotel_____during the vacation was rather poorly managed.A)as I stayed B)where I stayed C)which I stayed D)what I stayed

6、There are so many dresses there that I really don’t know____to choose.A)whether B)when C)which D)why

7、I think that Anna is_____far the most active member in our group.A)with B)at C)as D)by

五．倒装

1. 当only 放在句⾸，表⽰强调时，要⽤倒装

例：Only in this way can you solve this problem. 只有⽤这种⽅法，你才可以解决这个问题。Only yesterday did I finish the book. 到昨天我才读完那本书。

2. 具有否定意义的副词或词组⽤于句⾸，要⽤倒装。常见的否定词有：never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, not until, by nomeans, not only, neither, no sooner, hardly等。

例句：Never shall I forget the days when you were with us.

1、Olny when we had finished all the work_____that it was too late to take a bus home.A)did we realize B)informing C)informed D)to inform

2、Not until the day before yesterday_____to give a speech at the meeting.A)he agreed B)does he agree C)he agrees D)did he agree3、Young_____he is, he has proved to be an able sale sman.A)that B)who C)as D)which

4、Not until yesterday_____anything about the project that will be completed soon.A)did I learn B)have I learnt C)I learnt D)that I learnt

5、He is used to flying by air and on no occasion_____frightened.A)he has ever felt B)he ever feels C)ever does he feel D)has he ever felt

6、So_____after she learned the good news that she could hardly fall asleep that night.A)excited the mother was B)was the mother excitedC)the mother was excited D)excited was the mother7、So loudly_____that people could hear it out in the street.A)did the students play the music B)the students playing themusic

C)the students played the music D)have the students played the music六．it的⽤法

1.it作形式主语或者形式宾语

It is necessary for us to learn English. it这⾥指代to learn EnglishIt was not very clear what she meant. it这⾥指代what she meant2. it 在强调句型

强调句型的结构为：It is/was +被强调部分+ that(who) +句⼦的其余部分

练习1. It was only when I read his poems recently _______ I began to appreciate their beauty.A. untilB. thatC. thenD. so

选B。强调句型强调when引导的时间状语从句。

2.It was about 600 years ago _______the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.A. thatB. untilC. beforeD. when

选A。强调句型强调时间状语。七．形容词⽐较级⽐较级最⾼级1.不规则变法good/well better bestbad worse worstmany/much more mostlittle less least2. 形容词⽐较级结构

(1) 形容词+than 例句：Real friendship is more valuable than money. (2) the +形容词⽐较级，the + 形容词⽐较级例句：Themore medicine I take