专题02 阅读填空(第02期)-2019届高三英语百所好题速递分项解析汇编

【浙江省“五校联考”2019届高三上学期第一次考试】

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选许项中有两项为多余选项。

Stress occurs when you feel that demands placed on you — such as work, school or relationships — are beyond your ability. ___11___ However, untreated long-term stress can result in serious health conditions including anxiety, insomnia, muscle pain, high blood pressure and a weakened immune system. ___12___ Everyone is different, and so are the ways they choose to manage their stress. Some people prefer pursuing hobbies such as gardening, playing music and creating art, while others find relief in more solitary (独自的) activities: meditation, yoga and walking. ___13___

Do some exercise. The research keeps growing — exercise benefits your mind just as well as your body. We keep hearing about the long-term benefits of a regular exercise routine. But even a 20-minute walk, run, swim or dance session in the midst of a stressful time can give an immediate effect that can last for several hours.

___14___ It may seem difficult to get away from a big work project, a crying baby or a growing credit card bill. But when you give yourself permission to step away from it, you let yourself have time to do something else, which can help you have a new perspective or practice techniques to feel less overwhelmed. It’s important not to avoid your stress (those bills have to be paid sometime), but even just 20 minutes to take care of yourself is helpful.

Smile and laugh. Our brains are interconnected with our emotions and facial expressions. When people are stressed, they often hold a lot of the stress in their face. So laughs or smiles can help relieve some of that tension and improve the situation.

Try meditation. Meditation and mindful prayer help the mind and body to relax and focus. Mindfulness can help people see new perspectives, develop self-compassion and forgiveness. ___15___ Much like exercise, research has shown that even meditating briefly can bring immediate benefits.

A. Take a break from the stressor.

B. Get some social support from whatever sources you can access. C. Too much stress can affect body systems and cause mental problems.

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D. Here are four healthy techniques that may help reduce stress in the short- and long-term. E. But by finding positive, healthy ways, many of these negative health consequences can be reduced. F. When practicing mindfulness, people can release emotions contributing to the body physical stress.

G. Some stress can be beneficial at times, producing a boost that helps people get through tough situations.

【答案】11. G 12. E 13. D 14. A 15. F 【解析】 【分析】

本文为说明文。主要介绍了如何正确处理压力。 【11题详解】

考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据转连词however可知，上下两句意思是相反的。本空的下文内容“然而，未经治疗的长期压力可能导致严重的健康状况，包括焦虑、失眠、肌肉疼痛、高血压和免疫”可知本句意为压力损害健康，是有害的。那么可推断出有些压力是有益的。分析选项可知G项（有些压力有时是有益的，产生一种帮助人们渡过难关的动力），符合题意，故选G项。 【12题详解】

考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空后的内容可知，不同的人选择处理压力的方式不同，但他们的压力都有减少。分析选项可知E项符合题意。

【14题详解】

考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空后的内容可知，让你短时间远离你的压力源，即使是20分钟，也许也是有用的。让你有一个新的视角来问题，就不会感到不知所措了。分析选项可知A项（Take a break from the stressor.）所表达的句意一致，符合题意，故选A项 【15题详解】

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考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。分析选项可知，F项与本段有词（mindfulness）的复现，与meditation是同义词的关系，即为“沉思”。本段最后一句说“研究表明，即使是短暂的冥想也能带来直接的好处”，分析F项的内容（冥想和有意识的祈祷有助于身心放松和集中注意力）正好与本段意思相符，故选F项。 【点睛】七选五题型解题技巧

该题型对学生的考察能力总体从两个方面来考察；第一，把握整篇文章的布局和逻辑层次关系。第二把握微观信息间关联性。（即空格前后句间关系。 该题型选项大致可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）；过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。 这种题一般可从以下方面来做：

（1）看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。

（2）精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。如第2小题根据空后的内容可知，不同的人选择处理压力的方式不同，但他们的压力都有减少。分析选项可知E项符合题意。

（3）看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。通过阅读选项，有可能根据选项中的关键词找出正确选项。分析选项可知D项就是一个总结句，再分析文章可知D项符合第三小题的要求。F项与第5小题所在的段落有词的复现，选F项。

（4） 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though,however 等。如第１小题运用howeverr表示前后的转折。根据转连词however可知，上下两句是相反的。本空的下文内容“然而，未经治疗的长期压力可能导致严重的健康状况，包括焦虑、失眠、肌肉疼痛、高血压和免疫”可知本句意为压力损害健康，是有害的。那么可推断出有些压力是有益的。分析选项可知G项（有些压力有时是有益的，产生一种帮助人们渡过难关的动力），符合题意。 根据短文内容，从短文的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两厢为多余选项。

【山西省吕梁市2018届高三上学期第一次阶段性测试】Top 3 Self-Discipline Techniques

Self-Discipline is the key to leading a healthier, happier and more successful life.

___16___ We have shared some self-discipline techniques below. Follow these self-discipline techniques to start living a better life.

1. Start small

The journey of a thousand miles starts with a single step, as the proverb goes. ___17___ Instead,

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stamina(耐力) is built up by doing a little more than the previous day’s target.

The same goes for discipline. Start by trying to carry out self-discipline techniques little by little every day for big results. Increase your goals over time. 2. ___18___

Staying self-disciplined requires motivation. It can be hard to stay motivated if you feel like you haven’t made any progress so far. Tracking progress makes you aware of how much you’ve done and encourage you to keep going.

3. Exercise your willpower

___19___Some days, sticking to the task is going to be difficult but by reminding yourself of the end in mind and how much the goal means to you, you will be able to ignore temporary temptations for long term gain.

The above-mentioned self-discipline techniques have been proven to be extremely effective. ___20___ And it is the key to living a happy and fulfilling life. A. Measure your goals. B. Build a support system.

C. However, it is easier said than done.

D. Willpower and self-discipline go hand in hand.

E. Self-discipline is linked to effective time management. F. Self-discipline is a feature found in many successful people.

G. You don’t train for a marathon by running 10 Kilometers on the first day. 【答案】16. C 17. G 18. A 19. D 20. F 【解析】 【分析】

本文是一篇说明文。自律是通向更健康、更快乐、更成功生活的关键。文章介绍3大自律技巧。

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【17题详解】

上文提示“千里之行，始于足下。”再根据下文提示“相反，耐力是通过比前一天的目标多做一点来建立的。”承接上下文，G项You don’t train for a marathon by running 10 Kilometers on the first day.（你不会在第一天跑10公里来训练马拉松。）切题。下文中的Instead表示前后句是一种转折关系，故答案为G。 【18题详解】

此空是一个小标题，结合上下文的小标题，可知这里应该用一个短小精悍的祈使句，在A/B中选。根据下文提示“保持自律需要动力。如果你觉得到目前为止你还没有取得任何进展，你很难保持积极性。”可知，A项Measure your goals.（测量你的目标。）切题。故选A。

【20题详解】

上文提示“上述自律技巧已被证明是非常有效的。”再根据下文提示“这是快乐充实生活的关键。”承接上下文，F项Self-discipline is a feature found in many successful people.（自律是许多成功人士的一个特征。）切题。此处关键词Self-discipline。故选F。

【点睛】在做七选五时一定要注意and/but/so/besides/however/furthermore/moreover/in addition/what’s more等词汇、固定结构的运用。它们连接了上下文，起着承上起下的作用。像but（但是）、however（然而），表示转折，这说明前后的内容相反或相对。本题第1小题，C项However, it is easier said than done.（然而，说起来容易做起来难。）切题。该项中的However表示该句与上文构成转折关系。故选C。

【湖北省仙桃中学2019届高三8月考试英】根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。

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Listening to happy music at work can help you complete tasks more quickly, especially if you’re doing something repetitive such as checking e-mail or filing documents. ______16______. Cornell University researchers also found that upbeat tunes help workers cooperate and make group decisions that contribute to the good of the team.

Music decreases levels of the stress hormone cortisol just as well as massage therapy does, according to a small 2010 study. Scientists randomly assigned anxious patients to listen to music either during massage therapy or while lying in a dim room._______17_______.

________18________. After surgery, it helps reduce pain. An analysis of 73 studies published in the Lancet in 2015 confirmed that listening to music before, during, or after surgery improves anxiety and pain levels, which in turn means less pain medication.

People come up with more creative solutions when they listen to happy, upbeat music than when they sit in silence, according to researchers from the Netherlands and Australia. It may be because music improves your brain’s flexibility or because it relaxes you enough for the creative juices to flow. _________19_________; research also has found that moderate(适度的) volume provides the creativity sweet spot.

Whether you’re running, biking, or walking, you’ll go farther if you pump up the jams, studies have found. _____20_____. The effect is so great that the author of a 2012 review examining the psychological effects of music on exercise called music “a type of legal performance-enhancing drug.”

Maybe you’ve heard about Alzheimer’s patients coming alive when they hear a song from their past. Studies show that music helps them retrieve memories, communicate more effectively, and remember who they are.

A. After three months those who just listened to music experienced the same drop in anxiety as those also got massages

B. One study showed that the accuracy and efficiency of surgeons improved when they worked with the music of their choice in the background

C. Music has been used to heal for centuries, and now we’re learning why it works D. Music distracts you from your discomfort and motivates you to stay with the beat E. But don’t play the music too loudly

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F. Listening to music before surgery has been shown to ease anxiety and limit the need for sedatives(镇静剂)

G. Time does fly when you’re listening to music 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. F 19. E 20. D 【解析】

这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了工作中、生活中听音乐的诸多好处。 【16题详解】

根据空格后Cornell University researchers also found that upbeat tunes help workers cooperate and make group decisions that contribute to the good of the team.（康奈尔大学研究人员也发现欢快的音乐可以帮助员工们团结，做出有利于团队的集体决策。）以及前面Listening to happy music at work can help you complete tasks more quickly, especially if you’re doing something repetitive such as checking e-mail or filing documents.提到，听欢快的音乐可以帮助你更快完成任务，可见这一段都是举例讲听音乐的好处。故选B。

【18题详解】

根据空格后After surgery, it helps reduce pain.可知，手术后音乐帮助降低疼痛感，前面应该说的是手术前听音乐的好处。故选F。 【19题详解】

根据空格后research also has found that moderate(适度的) volume provides the creativity sweet spot.可知，研究发现适度音量的播放音乐会提升人们的创造力，前面建议大家不要大声播放音乐。故选E。 【20题详解】

根据Whether you’re running, biking, or walking, you’ll go farther if you pump up the jams, studies have found.可知，研究发现不管你是跑步，骑自行车，还是步行，听着音乐你都会走得更远。因为音乐可以使你不去关注身体不适，激励你跟上音乐节奏，故选D。

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【河北省邢台市2019届高三上学期第一次月考】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

In a world surrounded by bad news, it may feel like an unhappy place sometimes.___16___ If you make even one person smile today, you can help make this world a better place. Here is list of ideas to help you.

___17___In this day and age where everything is sent via the Internet, it's a shock to receive a letter through the post. Putting pen to paper and writing a few words to a friend can be an easy way to make a positive impact.

Requiring some time and research to find the perfect project, volunteering is one of the nicest things you can do. Whether you volunteer at your local youth group or take dogs from shelters for a walk, the simple fact that you are giving up your time to help someone else is incredible. There are so many opportunities.___18___

Tell someone \"I love you\". It can be anyone. ____19____Perhaps you can tell a friend that you appreciate all they are to you, or remind your mum that it's her birthday. Sometimes, in our busy lives we forget to take a moment to tell people what they mean to us.

___20___Whether you're creative or not, taking time to make something for someone else shows how much you appreciate them. Even if you think you're not creative, the recipient will feel lucky to get such a unique gift that you put your precious time into. Some ideas could include a card, painting, drawing, song, poem or cake! A. However, you can make a difference.

B. It's a surprise to send a handwritten letter. C. And you don't even have to say \"I love you\" D. So you are sure to find one that is right for you. E. And it doesn’t necessarily have to take up all your life. F. Making something for a special person is always unique.

G. Even a postcard with a couple of sentences could really make someone's day. 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. F

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【解析】 【分析】

本文是一篇说明文。在一个被坏消息包围的世界里，有时可能感觉这个世界像一个不快乐的地方。而你就可以做出改变。本文向大家介绍了几种帮助你让别人快乐的方法。

【17题详解】

考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。后句中it's a shock to receive a letter through the post.（在当今社会从邮局收到一封信会使人很震惊。）可得知，本段主题是邮寄手写信。因此B项切题。故选B。 【18题详解】

考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。上句提到有很多做志愿者的机会，那么你一定会找到适合你的。因此D项切题。故选D。 【19题详解】

考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。本段的中心是Tell someone \"I love you\".（告诉某个人“我爱你”），只有C项And you don't even have to say \"I love you\"（甚至你没必要说“我爱你”）符合语境。故选C。

【点睛】段落主题句的选取

本文小题5考查对段落的中心思想的归纳能力。本段第二句深入解释本段的主题句。根据Whether you're creative or not, taking time to make something for someone else shows how much you appreciate them.（无论你是否有创意，花点时间为某个人做些小东西，来表示你对他的感激。）因此可知本段主要介

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绍的是为他人做些东西。

对主题句（topic sentence）及主旨大意(main idea)进行概括要注意以下内容：一篇文章一般表达一个中心内容或主题。这个中心内容或主题通常用一个句子来概括。此句叫做主题句。一般来说，说明文和议论文都有主题句，而且多位于文章的开头，有时也位于文章的中间或末尾。但有时不能在文中直接找到主题句，要求读者把握每段的主题句，弄清段与段之间逻辑关系的基础上自己归纳总结。主题句必须能简洁明了地概括全文的主要内容，具有高度的综合性和概括性。文章或段落的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步解释，说明，论证或扩展。

【山东省淄博实验中学、淄博五中2019届高三上学期第一次教学诊断】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month.___16___

One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. ____17____ We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.

Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons (神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day.___18___

Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right.____19____ The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.

If Tononi’s theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night’s, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information — our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.

Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. ____20____ “You keep what matters,” Tononi says. A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.

B. It’s as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.

C. That’s why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.

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D. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick. E. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.

F. Tononi’s team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice. G. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea. 【答案】16. D 17. C 18. G 19. F 20. B 【解析】

这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了睡觉对神经元的影响。

【17题详解】

考查细节理解。结合上文提到睡眠帮助我们加强记忆，而C项中说“这就是为什么学生在学习之后有机会睡一觉的话，考试的成绩会更好。”由此可知，C项最切题。 【18题详解】

考查推理判断。结合上文，上文提及的是一个理论，选项G中的“Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea. 朱莉奥是提出这个理论的人 ”正好呼应，故选G。

【20题详解】

细节理解。根据上文讲述神经元虽然会变弱，但有些神经元会保持不变，再结合下文说，你记住了最重要的事，由此可知，B项“大脑似乎会保护最重要的记忆”与上下文的衔接最好。

【黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学2019届高三10月月考】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Habits to Be a Highly Effective Student

Some students are able to get straight A’s and at the same time serve as the president of three clubs. However, some students struggle to keep their GPA (Grade-Point Average) above a 3.0.

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____26____Although it’s true that everyone’s IQ is different, good study habits are very important. Here5re several habits you should adopt to get good grades.

____27____If you haven’t had a planner (规划薄), get one. Many people use their computers and smartphones to make a schedule. The problem with that approach is that they are major distractions (分心的事物). Instead, get an old-fashioned paper and pen planner.

Create a weekly schedule._____28_____Include time that will be spent eating, sleeping and doing anything not related to school work. That way you know exactly how much you can accomplish each day.

Take frequent, short breaks. Taking a break from studying for 15 minutes every hour will help keep you refreshed._____29_____ If you don’t take a break, you may find yourself daydreaming or even falling asleep. Take some time for some water, a snack or a quick chat with a friend. Take care of yourself. During final exam week, it is common for students to fall behind on sleep and meals. Make sure you get a good night’s sleep and have regular meals. Studying while hungry or sleepy is ineffective and will slow you down in the long run. Also try to make time for friends and family._____30_____. A．Keep things organized. B．Keep away from your computers. C．Of course, not everyone needs breaks.

D．Our brains are not meant to work for hours nonstop. E. Having a good support system will help with all the stress. F. And they seem to spend all of their time in studying. G. Then under each day, make a list of things to do each hour. 【答案】26. F 27. A 28. G 29. D 30. E 【解析】

文章主要介绍了学习效率高的学生所拥有的四个习惯。

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【27题详解】

根据空后的句子If you haven’t had a planner (规划薄), get one.可知，作者强调要有规划，所以让一切组织好。 【28题详解】

第二条建议是列个时间表。所以要列举每小时做的事情，再接后句甚至包括吃饭，睡觉的时间。 【29题详解】

本段介绍的好习惯为要经常段时间休息一下。在根据后句如果不休息，你可能发现自己白日做梦或昏昏欲睡，所以，前句表明人需要休息，大脑不能无休止地工作。 【30题详解】

根据前句要花时间跟家人和朋友在一起，后句应该是家人和朋友能给自己提供支持和帮助。所以选E。 【黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学2019届高三上学期第二次调研】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

E

The effect of bullying(欺凌) can be serious and even lead to tragedy. Unfortunately，it is still a mostly researched area.

___16___That year，two students with shotguns，both of whom had been considered gifted and who had been bullied for years，killed 13 people，wounded 24 and then committed suicide.A year later，an analysis by the US government found that bullying played a major role in more than two-thirds of the campus violence.

___17___Numerous invaders throughout history have tried to defend their bullying behavior by claiming that they themselves were bullied. ___18___ Although there is no justification for bullying，many of the worst humans in history have indeed bullies and victims of bullying.

Since bullying is often ignored,it may provide an important clue in crowd behavior and passer-by behavior.___19___Many of them have suggested bullying as one of the reasons of this

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becoming less sensitive to violence.___20___in this sense，bullying affects not only the bullied but his friends and classmates and the whole society. A.Research indicates that the victim often becomes the bully.

B.Psychologists have been puzzled by the inactivity of crowds and bystanders when crimes occur in crowded places.

C.More attention should be paid to people's reaction to bullying when it happens. D.Hitler,for example,is claimed to have been a victim of bullying in his childhood. E.Campus bullying is becoming a serious problem in some high schools in big cities.

F.The friends and classmates of the bully and the victim also accept the violence as normal. G.The link between bullying and school violence has attracted increasing attention since 1999. 【答案】16. G 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. F 【解析】 【分析】

这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了欺凌行为的严重后果以及它的原因。 【16题详解】

下文That year，two students with shotguns，both of whom had been considered gifted and who had been bullied for years，killed 13 people，wounded 24 and then committed suicide.指出两个被欺凌的学生开杀死13人，另有24人受伤。该空引起下文，G选项“欺凌和学校暴力的联系从1999年开始，越来越受到关注”切题，故选G。 【17题详解】

下文Numerous invaders throughout history have tried to defend their bullying behavior by claiming that they themselves were bullied.指出历史上的许多侵略者通过宣称他们自己是被欺凌者，而为他们的欺凌行为辩护。该空引起下文，A选项“研究表明受害者经常会变成欺凌者”切题，故选A。

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【19题详解】

上文Since bullying is often ignored,it may provide an important clue in crowd behavior and passer-by behavior.中发现线索词ignored与B选项inactivity相吻合，B选项“当犯罪在拥挤的地方发生时，心理学家对人群和旁观者的静止感到困惑”切题，故选B。 【20题详解】

下文in this sense，bullying affects not only the bullied but his friends and classmates and the whole society.说欺凌行为不仅影响被欺凌者，也影响他的朋友和同学，甚至整个社会。该空与下文相呼应，F选项“欺凌者的同学、朋友和受害者也正常接受暴力”切题，故选F。

【点睛】在做七选五时，一定要注意空前空后的内容，分析前后句关键词来寻找答案。如小题4中的ignored就是一个重要的关键词，选项中的inactivity与之呼应，故选B。

【甘肃省天水市第一中学2019届高三上学期一轮复习第二次质量检测】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

If you have been living away from home for quite some time, a life skills course may seem to be helpful. ____16____ They will help you to become a more successful adult in the future. A life skills course can teach you to: ___17___

Although you may be able to make a simple pasta (面团) meal, or microwave a ready meal, a life skills course teaches you how to make healthy choices and cook them for yourself. Whether you are a teenager soon to be leaving home, or an adult in your 30s or 40s, ___18___ Sort out your finances.

___19___ It is not easy to work out a budget other than just trying to pay all of your bills when your wage comes in and then living on the rest until the next pay day. A life skills course will teach you how to make a budget and stick to it without having to stop yourself from doing the things that you want to do. Choose and find your dream job.

It is never too late to retrain and go for the career that you always wanted. Coming out of school and being expected to know what you want to do for the rest of your life is ridiculous. ___20___

A. Live and eat healthily.

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B. Leading a healthy life.

C. A life skills course can teach you a range of skills and ways of living. D. This is something few adults actually have planned well.

E. it is never too late to learn how to choose foods which will make you feel great.

F. A life skills course will teach you how to work out what you actually want to do, and then get there.

G. it is time that we should learn how to choose foods which are most fit us feel. 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. E 19. D 20. F 【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了“a life skills course”能够教给我们的三方面的具体技巧。

【17题详解】

根据第一句“……a life skills course teaches you how to make healthy choices and cook them for yourself.”可知该课程可以教你如何做出健康的选择，如何生活、吃得更为健康。A项“Live and eat healthily.”与内容一致，B项不够具体。所以选择A项。 【18题详解】

本段中涉及了健康饮食的内容，E项“it is never too late to learn how to choose foods which will make you feel great.”与第2题标题中的eat healthily一致。所以选择E项。

【20题详解】

本段的主题为“选择并找到梦想的工作”。横线前一句告诉我们走出学校就知道自己未来能够做什么是很荒谬的事情，通过“a life skills course”我们可以知道自己究竟想要的事业。F项符合上下文语境。所

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以选择F项。

【广东省2019届高三六校第一次联考】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Changing your life can come in small, easy steps. You can transform yourself and live a better life by making positive changes along the way. Here are some choices that will lead to your transformation.

Choose to change bad habits

Some bad habits seem to stick around without us even realizing it. ____16____You can overcome them, find better alternatives, and get through your struggle to become a better you! Do it for yourself more than anything. Choose to grow

It’s easy to get stuck in a fixed way of life. _____17_____ In choosing to grow, you build character, develop your strengths, become aware of what needs improvement, and turn into the well-rounded person you need to be to succeed. Choose to seek a balanced life

Where do you need balance? Are you all work, no play? Or the opposite? _____18_____ If you’re spending too much time working or locked away alone, find the time for social interaction and having fun. If you haven’t committed to a schedule in a while, make the decision to start following one. _____19_____

This is vital to human existence. We need the loving bonds created by family members and friends. Personal relationships are key to emotional growth and social stability. Choose to live your passion

Whatever your dream is, you can have it. The person you wish to be and the things you wish to achieve are within you. Make the choice to pursue those passions at whatever cost. It may mean clearing out your schedule or doing something you’ve never done. _____20_____ A. Choose to spend time with those you love B. Choose to organize your schedule flexibly

C. Make the choice today that you won’t be ruled by them.

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D. Neither extreme will lead you to a pleasant life for very long. E. However, with re-evaluation and growth comes a beautiful freedom.

F. It’s good to change, and you’ve only got so many years to refresh yourself. G. However, the reward from success and personal accomplishment will be worth it. 【答案】16. C 17. E 18. D 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【分析】

本文是一篇说明文。改变你的生活可以是小而简单的步骤。你可以通过积极的改变来改变你自己，过上更好的生活。这里有一些选择将会导致你的转变。

【17题详解】

上文提示“人们很容易陷入固定的生活方式中。”再根据下文提示“在选择成长的过程中，你塑造性格，培养自己的长处，意识到需要改进的地方，并成为你成功的全面发展的人。”承接上下文，E项However, with re-evaluation and growth comes a beautiful freedom.（然而，重新评价和成长带来了美丽的自由。）切题。该项中的growth与下文的grow相吻合。故选E。 【18题详解】

上文提示“你在哪里需要平衡？你们都在工作，不玩耍吗？还是相反?”下文提示“如果你花太多的时间在工作或独自呆着，那就找时间进行社交互动和娱乐。”承接上下文，D项Neither extreme will lead you to a pleasant life for very long.（这两种极端都不会让你在很长一段时间里过着愉快的生活。）切题。该项中的this指的就是上文所提示的内容。故选D。 【19题详解】

此处是一个小标题，根据上下标题可知答案在A/B中选择。本段内容提示“这对人类的生存至关重要。我们需要家庭成员和朋友建立的爱的纽带。”由此推知，A项Choose to spend time with those you love（选择花时间和你爱的人在一起）。Love是关键词，故选A。

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【点睛】在做七选五时一定要注意and/but/so/besides/however/furthermore/moreover/in addition/what’s more等词汇、固定结构的运用。它们连接了上下文，起着承上起下的作用。像but（但是）、however（然而），表示转折，这说明前后的内容相反或相对。把握住这一点，做起题来就会得心应手。本题第5小题，G项However, the reward from success and personal accomplishment will be worth it.（然而，成功和个人成就的回报是值得的。）切题。该项中的the reward和be worth与上文中的whatever cost构成一种转折关系。

【辽宁省六校协作体2019届高三上学期期初联考】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

___16___ When someone tells you something that is true, but leaves out important information that should be included, he can give you a false picture.

For example, someone might say, “I just won a hundred dollars on the lottery (彩票). It was great. I took that dollar ticket back to the store and turned it in for one hundred dollars!”

___17___ Maybe, maybe not. We then discover that he bought $200 worth of tickets, and only one was a winner. He’s really a big loser!

He didn’t say anything that was false, but he left out important information on purpose. That’s called a half-truth. ___18___

Some politicians often use this trick. Let’s say that during Governor Smith’s last term, her state lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs. ___19___ One of her opponents says, “During Governor Smith’s term, the state lost one million jobs!” that’s true. However, and honest statement would have been, “During Governor Smith’s term, the state had a net gain of two million jobs.”

Advertisers will sometimes use half-truths. ___20___ An advertisement might say, “Nine out of ten doctors advised their patients to take Yucky Pills to cure toothache.” It fails to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Company.

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This kind of deception happens too of often. It’s a sad fact of life: Lies are lies, and sometimes the truth can lie as well. A.This guy’s a winner, right? B.Then she seeks another term.

C.Do you know of anyone who uses the truth to deceive?

D.Half-truths are not technically lies, but they are just dishonest. E.Half truths are aimed at economic and social science academics

F.It’s against the law to make false statements so they try to mislead you with truth. G.When it comes to advertisements, we must all use our intelligence and not be a slave to them! 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. F 【解析】

本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了真实的谎言，很多表述的内容是正确的，但是省略了重要的事实，就成了谎言。

【17题详解】

下文提示“Maybe, maybe not. We then discover that he bought $200 worth of tickets, and only one was a winner.”(也许是,也许不是。然后我们发现他买了价值200美元的彩票，只有一个是赢家。)承接下文，A项This guy’s a winner, right?(这个人是赢家，对吧？)切题。关键词winner。 【18题详解】

上文提示“He didn’t say anything that was false, but he left out important information on purpose. That’s called a half-truth.”(他没有说任何虚假的东西，但他故意漏掉了重要的信息。这就叫做半事实。)承接上文，D项Half-truths are not technically lies, but they are just dishonest.(半真半假并不是技术上的谎言，但它们只是不诚实。)切题。关键词Half-truths。

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【20题详解】

上文提示“广告客户有时会使用半真半假。”再根据下文提示“An advertisement might say, “Nine out of ten doctors advised their patients to take Yucky Pills to cure toothache.””（ 一则广告可能会说：“十分之九的医生建议他们的病人服用恶心的药片来治疗牙痛。”）承接上下文，F项It’s against the law to make false statements so they try to mislead you with truth.（做虚假陈述是违法的，所以他们试图用真理来误导你。）切题。

【江西省新余市第四中学2019届高三7月段考】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

Many people think of guys as being carefree when it comes to their appearance. But in fact, a lot of guys spend plenty of time in front of the mirror. They care just as much as girls do about their body image.

Body image is a person’s opinions and feelings about his or her own body and physical appearance. ___16___ You appreciate your body for its capabilities and accept its imperfections.______17______ Here are some ideas. Recognize your strengths.

Different body types are good for different things. What does your body do well? Maybe your speed, strength, or coordination makes you better than others at a certain sport. That may be basketball, table tennis, mountain biking, dancing, or even running. Or perhaps you have non-sports skills, like drawing, painting, singing, playing a musical instrument, writing, or acting. ___18___ Exercise regularly.

Exercise can help you look well and feel good about yourself. Good physiques (体形) don’t just happen. ____19____ A healthy habit can be as simple as exercising 20 minutes to 1 hour three

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days a week. Working out can also lift your spirits. Respect your body.

Practicing good habits-regular showering; taking care of your teeth, hair, and skin; wearing clean clothes, and so on—can help you build a positive body image. ___20___

Your body is just one part of who you are. Your talent for comedy a quick wit (智慧), and all the other things make you unique. So try not to let small imperfections take over. A. Be yourself.

B. Just explore talents that you feel good about. C. So, what can you do to develop a positive body image? D. Use this as an opportunity to discover what you’re good at. E. The good news is that self-image and body image can be changed. F. They take hard work, regular workouts, and a healthy diet.

G. Having a positive body image means feeling satisfied with the way you look. 【答案】16. G 17. C 18. B 19. F 20. A

【16题详解】

G 考查对上下文语境的理解。空前的意思是：身体形象是一个人看待自己的身体和面貌特征的看法和想法。空后的意思是：你欣赏你体型的能力和不足。所以这里选G（好的形象意味着我们对于自己的长相是很满意的。）与上下文一致。 【17题详解】

C 考查对上下文语境的理解。空后的意思是：这儿是一些观点。所以这里选C（为了发展一个健康的形象你可以做什么。）与上下文一致。 【18题详解】

B考查对上下文语境的理解。空前的意思是：或许你没有运动技巧，像画画，唱歌，玩乐器，写作或者表演。

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所以这里选B（就探索你感觉好的天赋。）与上下文一致。

【20题详解】

A考查对上下文语境的理解。空后的意思是：你的身体就像你自己的一部分。所以这里选A（做你自己。）与上下文一致。 考点：考查七选五短文。

【湖南郡中学2019届高三上学期第一次月考】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。

What makes one person more intelligent than another? What makes one person a genius, like the brilliant Albert Einstein, and another person a fool? Are people born intelligent or stupid, or is intelligence the result of where and how you live? ___16___

We know, however, that just being born with a good mind is not enough. In some ways, the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle. ___17___ Mental exercise is particularly important for young children. Many child psychologists think that parents should play with their children more often and give them problems to think about. ___18___ If on the other hand, children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do, they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent. ___19___ According to some psychologists, if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot, then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things. So it is probably better for parents to say very positive things to their children, such as “That was a very clever thing you did.”or“___20___”

A.A healthy body contributes to one's intelligence.

B. Parents should also be careful about what they say to young children. C. What people want to express is like this.

D. The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent. E，It needs exercise.

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F. You are such a smart child.

G. These are very old questions and the answers to them are still not clear. 【答案】16. G 17. E 18. D 19. B 20. F 【解析】

试题分析：本文属于教育类阅读，告诉我们在教育子女父母要注意的一些问题，多陪孩子；多让孩子做一些力所能及的事情；多鼓励；少批评。

【17题详解】

E 根据横线后一句Mental exercise is particularly important for young children.精神方面的锻炼也很重要，体力方面的锻炼也一样。所以E项“It needs exercise.”与上下文是一致的。 【18题详解】

D 根据横线后一句If, on the other hand, children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do, they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent.可知如果让孩子一个人呆着，什么也不要做，那么通常这样的孩子会很乏味也不聪明。反之，如果我们给孩子很多锻炼，那么他们就很可能会很聪明。所以D项与横线前一句Many child psychologists think that parents should play with their children more often and give them problems to think about.是一致的。 【19题详解】

B 根据横线后一句According to some psychologists, if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot, then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things.如果父母亲总是说孩子很笨，那么孩子很可能就一直做愚蠢的事情。所以作为父母亲，我们要很注意自己对孩子所说的话。故B项正确。

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考点：考查教育类阅读

【2019届四川省华蓥市第一中学高三入学调研】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

Many of us deal with the rush every morning in preparation for work or school, but it doesn't have to be this way. With a little time management, these steps can help you cut down on your morning stress.

Create an evening preparation routine.

___36___ These simple tasks will take you less than 30 minutes to complete each evening and will save you a huge headache every morning.

Get a good night's sleep.

Make sure you start winding down for bed at a reasonable hour to allow enough time for a healthy night's sleep. ___37___ If needed, set a bedtime reminder alarm on your alarm clock. Always keep the temperature in your bedroom comfortably cool.

___38___

An extra 30 minutes in the morning will make a difference. As long as you go to bed on time, waking up 30 minutes earlier should seem natural after just a few days. Use this time to think, shower and eat breakfast.

Plan a realistic day.

Writing things down means you don't have to worry about forgetting to do them. ___39___ Write down anything that cannot be put off to the following day.

___40___

Getting up to face a new day is far more satisfying when you have something to look forward to. Make sure you manage your time better so that you have time to do something you love on a daily basis.

A. Morning stress is very common. B. Schedule something you love daily.

C. Never fill your mind with unnecessary worries. D. Make a summary of what you did in the daytime. E. Wake up 30 minutes earlier.

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F. Iron your clothes, locate your keys, plan a nutritious breakfast, etc. G. Most people require seven to eight hours' sleep each night. 【答案】36. F 37. G 38. E 39. C 40. B 【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何摆脱掉早起造成的慌忙压力。

36. 本段的主旨是Create an evening preparation routine（形成夜晚做准备的规则），而熨衣服，放好钥匙，准备营养早餐等具体描述符合语境，故选F。

38. 根据Wake up 30 minutes earlier（起床早30 分钟）与E利用这些时间思考，沐浴和吃早餐符合逻辑，故选E。

39. 根据Plan a realistic day（安排较实际的一天），而C不要用那些不必要的忧虑填满你的脑袋符合逻辑，故选C。

40. 根据you have time to do something you love on a daily basis.（做一些你日常喜欢做的事情）与B安排你喜欢做的事情具体描述符合语境，故选B。

【湖南沙市雅礼中学2019届高三上学期月考（一）】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

New research helps to explain why screaming is disturbing and useful.

Screams, like those we hear in horror movies, have a special quality that separates them from other noises we make and hear. These screams are recognized by people all over the world. ___16___\"Every kid in every culture screams. Every adult in the context of a true fear responds with screams. So it's just a feature of the human mind and brain．”

David Poeppel is a neuroscientist at New York University. He wondered why screams were recognized the same way by people all around the world. So, he and his colleagues set up an experiment.

They recorded screams from movies and from volunteers who took part in the

research.___17___Instead, they measured how quickly the sounds in the scream changed in volume. It was in this area-the change in volume that screams stand apart from other sounds.

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When the volume of a sound changes that quickly it has a quality called roughness. \"___18___David Poeppel and his team found that car alarms, sirens, and alarm clocks also have this quality, this roughness.”

The scientists then studied how this \"roughness\" changed brain activity. They asked the volunteers to listen to different types of screams and alarms in an MRI scanner, The researchers found that the greater \"roughness\" of a sound. the more it activates the amygdala.

___19___“The amygdala acts like a gauge that says ‘wow, this sound has a lot of roughness in it; that’s particularly alarming and scary. ’\"

Screams, it turns out, are a direct link to the part of our brain that tells us whether we should be afraid or not. ___20___

Now, we know why a scream.. gets so much attention, So quickly.

A. People who hear these rough sounds are also more likely to react to them very quickly. B. People of all cultures and languages hear the same thing in a scream: fear. C. A scream is to say ‘I’m in trouble and I need help.’ D. The amygdala is an area deep in the brain that answers to fear. E. The more roughness a sound has, the more worrying it is

F. Screams played a very important evolutionary role in our survival

G. The scientists, however, did not measure the screams for loudness or pitch 【答案】16. B 17. G 18. E 19. D 20. A 【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述新的研究有助于解释尖叫声为何会令人不安？ 【16题详解】

前一句说世界各地的人们都能听出恐怖片中的尖叫声，下文说来自不同文化背景的孩子们会尖叫，成人在极度恐惧中也会惊吓，所有选项中只有B符合。 【17题详解】

下一句说Instead, they measured how quickly the sounds in the scream changed in volume.此处应该提到的是研究人员没有测量的内容。选 G。

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【19题详解】

前文谈到研究发现声音粗糙度越大，声音对大脑中的杏仁核区域刺激起大，下文提到大脑中的杏仁核像是对于恐惧的量具，因此这里应该介绍什么是amygdala，故选 D。 【20题详解】

此处总结尖叫声与大脑中辨别害怕与否的区域相关，听到这些粗糙声音的人们可能会更加快速地做出反应。 【河南省中原名校2019届高三第一次质量考评】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中 有两项为多余选项。

The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modem traffic and modern communication means. Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems.____16____Pollution means making things dirty. It comes in many ways. We see it，smell it, drink it and even hear it Man has been polluting the earth.___17___ Many years ago, the problem was not s。serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, Man moved to another place. But this is no longer true. Manis now slowly polluting the whole world. ___18___It's bad for all living things in the world, but it is not the only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us angry more easily ___19___They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city and from putting dirty smoke into the air. The earth is our home. We must take care of it ___20___And we must take care of the rise in population at the same time A. The more people, the more pollution B One of the biggest is pollution C. Air pollution is still the most serious

D. Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. E That means keeping the land, water and air clean.

F I hope scientists can find ways to solve the serious problem

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G Strange diseases have appeared jn some places because of pollution 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. E 【解析】

本文介绍了世界上各种污染情况，从空气污染到噪音污染都做了详细地说明。 【16题详解】

上文提示“今天的生活比几百年前要容易得多，但它带来了新的问题。”再根据下文提示“污染意味着脏。”承接上下文，B. One of the biggest is pollution（最大的问题之一是污染。）切题。故选B。 【17题详解】

下文提示“许多年前，这个问题并不是很严重，因为没有那么多人。”由此可知，A.项The more people, the more pollution（人越多，污染越多。）切题。故选A。

【19题详解】

下文提示“他们阻止人们在城市里的房子和工厂里烧煤，并禁止把肮脏的烟雾排放到空气中。”承接下文，D项Many countries are making rules to fight pollution.（许多国家正在制定治理污染的规则。）下文中的they指代的就是该项中的Many countries。故选D。 【20题详解】

上文提示“地球是我们的家园。我们必须照顾好它。”承接上文，E项That means keeping the land, water and air clean.（这意味着要保持土地、水和空气的清洁。）该项中的that指的就是上文内容。故选E。