专题02 阅读填空(第11期)-2019届高三英语百所名校好题速递分项解析汇编

【湘赣十四校2019届高三下学期第二次联考】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How You Open Your Car Door Matters to Cyclists

The “Dutch Reach” isn’t a new dance move or a random You Tube challenge. ___16___ And you might keep your car door safe in the process, too. All you have to do is change how you open your door.

Typically, a person sitting in the driver’s seat of a car opens the door with the hand closest to it. It makes sense since doors are designed to be opened that way. Pull the handle and the door is open. But if you happen to do that at the wrong time, you may unknowingly create an obstacle for a passing cyclist. The cyclist might be knocked down off the bike. ___17___ Clearly, the solution is for the person exiting the vehicle to check for traffic. However, the car door design and long-time habits have made the process automatically. ___18___ Open your car door with your other hand using the Dutch Reach. So instead of using your left hand, reach for the door handle with your right. This will force you to turn your body. At the very least, you’ll look into your side view mirror to check for any traffic.

___19___ All Dutch are taught it. It’s part of regular driver education. The technique dates back about 50 or 60 years in the Netherlands. In 2016 an American named Michael Charney started the Dutch Reach Project. He wanted to popularize the practice in the United States. Charney’s efforts may be paying off. ___20___ A. The car door is likely to be damaged by the fast-moving bicycle. B. The Dutch are used to opening their car doors this way.

C. Several states now include the Dutch Reach in their drivers’ handbooks. D. It’s a simple move that can help prevent harm to cyclists. E. People are trying to change the way to open the car. F. It is easy to do once you are used to it.

G. Luckily, there’s a simple way to solve the problem. 【答案】16. D 17. A 18. G 19. B 20. C 【解析】

这是一篇说明文。介绍了“荷兰式开车门法”——the “Dutch Reach”。

【16题详解】

承接上句The “Dutch Reach” isn’t a new dance move or a random You Tube challenge.本句为给出the “Dutch Reach”的定义，并由D选项的主语it指代前句的主语。故选D。 【17题详解】

由前句The cyclist might be knocked down off the bike.讲的是骑自行车的人被门撞倒了，可以推知后一句应为车门被自行车撞后的后果。前句有might be与A选项中be likely to承接，故选A。 【18题详解】

由后一句Open your car door with your other hand using the Dutch Reach.可推迟这是针对上文出现的问题提出解决方案，应可对应到G选项。 【19题详解】

由上下文的逻辑和后一句All Dutch are taught it.中的的it指代上文this way，可以推知选B。 【20题详解】

由前文He wanted to popularize the practice in the United States. Charney’s efforts may be paying off.中的in the United States和paying off，可推断出来选C。

【安徽省黄山市2019届高三毕业班第二次质量检测】根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。

Since the 1980s eco-tourism has grown and grown. It is the fastest growing type of tourism.

If done well, eco-tourism has several advantages. It is kinder to the environment. ___36___This means that more natural habitat is protected and that the resources for building come from sustainable (可持续的)

sources.Another advantage is that people in the developed world through eco-tourism get to experience places of great natural importance as well as communicating with local people. ___37___ However, there are some disadvantages of eco-tourism. It is felt by some environmentalists that any human activity will cause disorder in the routine of animals. ___38___ Another problem for local people is that they are expected to pose for cameras and dance etc. for money. ___39___The tourists are destroying the culture that they are paying to protect. Eco-tourism tries to go to the places far away from other communities. ___40___There is nothing stopping people taking money from tourists as well as doing environmentally unfriendly activities.

It seems that the disadvantages often outweigh the advantages of eco-tourism. It might be better to take pictures of animals rather than kill animals, but given the choice the animals would sooner not have people around.

It seems whether eco-tourism should be allowed should be judged case-by-case, and that the local people must be considered.

A. These places are often not well policed.

B. People walking through the forest may do much harm. C. And these activities will also damage the eco-system. D. It seldom ends people to untouched parts of the world.

E. This is good for both parties: they both can better understand each other. F. And it encourages developers to consider the natural environment more. G It discourages the local people from pursuing their traditional life styles. 【答案】36. F 37. E 38. C 39. G 40. A

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了生态旅游的优点和缺点。 【36题详解】

根据本空前的“If done well, eco-tourism has several advantages. It is kinder to the environment.”可知，生态旅游有很多好处，比如，它更环保，此处说的是另一个好处，故F项（它鼓励开发者更多地考虑自然环境）符合语境。 【37题详解】

根据本空前的“people in the developed world through eco-tourism get to experience places of great natural importance as well as communicating with local people.”可知，通过生态旅游，发达国家的人们可以去极具自然价值的地方体验，也可与当地人交流，此处是说与当地人交流的好处，故E项（这对双方都有好处：他们都能更好地理解对方）符合语境。 【38题详解】

根据本空前的“It is felt by some environmentalists that any human activity will cause disorder in the routine of animals.”可知，环保人士认为任何人类活动都会导致动物的日常生活紊乱，此处承接上文，讲的是人类活动的另一个负面影响，故C项（这些活动也会破坏生态系统）符合语境。 【39题详解】

根据本空前的“Another problem for local people is that they are expected to pose for cameras and dance etc. for

. money.”可知，当地人的另一个问题是他们被要求站在镜头前摆好姿势、跳舞等赚钱，此处说的是这个问题对当地人的生活的影响，故G项（它阻碍了当地人追求他们传统的生活方式）符合语境。 【40题详解】

根据本空前的“Eco-tourism tries to go to the places far away from other communities.”可知，生态旅游试图去那些远离其他社区的地方，此处承接上文，讲的是这些地方的情况，故A项（这些地方往往治安不佳）符合语境。

【东北三省四市2019届高三第一次模拟】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两处为多余选项。

In a study recently published in the journal Neuron, researchers found that super memorizers don’t have unusually large brain regions that allow them to remember a lot of information. ___16___ Here are a few of their favorite tricks that can help you to remember things in your everyday life.

To Remember: New words Technique: Change routine

In a study, a group of students studied a list of words in two separate sessions. Some studied in a messy room ant some in a neat space. One group of students spent both sessions in the same room, while the other split the sessions between the two environments. During a test, the students who studied in multiple places remembered much more. ___17___ That includes the time of day, the music in the background, whether you sit or stand, etc. To Remember: Your PIN Technique: Count it out

You could use your birthday, or your phone number, but identity thieves have a way of figuring those numbers out. ___18___ Write a four- wort sentence. Then count the number of letters in each word. For instance, “This is my PIN” =4223.

To Remember: Faces Technique: Focus on noses

White some super memorizes specialize in associating names with faces, the memory-palace technique doesn’t work as well if the image of the face is changed in any way. Rather than focusing on eyes, as most people do, focus on the centre or to the left of a person’s nose. ___19___ To Remember: Facts & figures Technique: ___20___

To learn and remember statistics, reviewing the material repeatedly over a longer time is far more effective than repeating it in a shorter one. If your exam is in a week, study today and then again in a day or two. If it’s a month away, study today and then wait a week before your second session. A. value exams B. Give yourself time

C. This allows you to take in their whole face.

D. Their brain structures are in fact the same as the rest of ours.

E. Instead, try this tip from Dominic, an eight-time World Memory Champion. F. The theory is that your brain links the words to the environment around you. G. Studies showed that varying other aspects of your environment can also help. 【答案】16. D 17. G 18. E 19. C 20. B 【解析】

本文属于说明文，介绍记忆不同事物建议的不同记忆技巧。 【16题详解】

根据前一句In a study recently published in the journal Neuron, researchers found that super memorizers dont have unusually large brain regions that allow them to remember a lot of information.可知，在神经学杂志最近发布的文章里，研究人员发现超级记忆者没有更大大脑区域来允许他们记忆很多信息，D选项，他们的大脑结构跟我们其他人一样，承接上文，切题，故选D。 【17题详解】

根据后一句That includes the time of day, the music in the background , whether you sit or stand, etc.可知，包括记忆的时间，音乐背景，以及你是否是站着还是坐着等，G选项，改变环境的不同因素也能帮助记忆，后一句是对本句的阐述，切题，故选G。 【18题详解】

根据后一句Write a four-word sentence, then count the number of letters in each word. For instance, “This is my PIN” = 4223.可知，写一个四个单词的句子，数每个单词的字母数，比如，This is my PIN每个单词的分别包含4个、2个、2个、3个字母，E选项，尝试Dominic的技巧，八次获得世界记忆冠军，后一句具体阐述记忆的方法，切题，故选E。

‘

【19题详解】

根据前一句Rather than focusing on eyes, as most people do, focus on the centre or to the left of a persons nose.可知，不要关注别人的眼镜，正如大多数做的一样，关注一个人鼻子的中部或者左部，C选项，这会让你记住整张脸，阐述前一句的意义和影响，切题，故选C。 【20题详解】

根据本段第一句To learn and remember statistics, reviewing the material repeatedly over a longer time is far more effective than repeating it in a shorter one.可知，学习和记忆数据，长时间反复记忆比短时间记忆更有效，故可知，本段介绍记忆数据和事实性知识需要的技巧在于反复记忆，B选项，给自己一些时间，切题，故选B。 【广西桂林市2019届高三4月综合能力检测（一模）】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Whether you’re flying to an island paradise or traveling for business, these packing tips will help you minimize time and maximize space.

Start with the right-sized suitcase

___16___. But if you can’t travel light, it’s best to choose a bag that can easily accommodate everything you need. Trying to force a full suitcase to shut is a waste of time and energy, especially since you may return with even more stuff, if you like to buy souvenirs.

Lay everything out before starting

Lay everything you’re taking out on the bed, so you can see exactly what you need to pack and spot any missing items promptly. ___17___. For folded items, putting layers of tissue between each item will cut down on wrinkles.

___18___ Begin by putting rolled items in a layer at the bottom of your suitcase. Cushion fragile items like perfume bottles in the middle. Plan to put items you need on arrival at the top end of the case. ___19___ Finish with a large top layer

Lastly, lay a large item like a towel over the tops and tuck it in around the sides. ___20___. It’s much easier to close the zipper if you don’t have items like belts or laces. A. Pack your suitcase in layers

B. Then fold or roll each item of clothing C. Take a moment to assess your needs for this trip

,

D. So they’ll be easy to find when you need them E. For a short trip, a small carry-on bag is ideal

F. Get everything ready before you start the actual packing G. This will stop items from sliding around during the journey 【答案】16. E 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. G 【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种打包技巧，来帮助人们节约时间，有效利用空间。 【16题详解】

根据本段标题Start with the right-sized suitcase可知本段建议选用尺寸合适的行李箱。suitcase可对应到E选项中的bag。建议“对于短途旅行，一个小的随身行李是最理想的”，故选E。 【17题详解】

根据下文For folded items, putting layers of tissue between each item will cut down on wrinkles.（对于折叠的物品，在每件物品之间放上几层纸巾可以减少褶皱。）中putting layers可对应到A选项中suitcase in layers，指“分层打包你的行李箱”，故选A。 【18题详解】

本句为文章的小标题，起段落总起作用。根据下文Begin by putting rolled items in a layer at the bottom of your suitcase.（首先把包裹好的物品放在行李箱底部的一层。）可知本段建议“把每件衣服折起来或卷起来放到行李箱”。rolled items可对应到B选项中roll，故选B。 【19题详解】

本句位于段尾，有总结全段的作用。根据上文Plan to put items you need on arrival at the top end of the case.（计划把你需要的东西放在箱子的最上面。）可知下文是对这一行为的说明：所以当你需要它们的时候很容易找到。D选项中的they指代上文items，故选D。 【20题详解】

根据上文lay a large item like a towel over the tops and tuck it in around the sides（在顶部放一个像毛巾一样的大物件，然后把它塞到两边。）可推测下文是对这一行为进行解释：这将防止物品在旅途中四处滑动。G选项中的This指代上文的行为，故选G。

【湖南省湘潭市2019届高三下学期第二次模拟】根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳

选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Signs of Eating Disorder

About 30 million Americans live with an eating disorder. ___16___ Yet many others are often hidden in plain sight. It’s important to know the symptoms in those who might be at risk for an eating disorder.

They’re constantly talking about dieting.

The discussion around changing eating habits is incredibly common. Look at any lifestyle magazine or website and you’ll likely find dieting tips and advice. ___17___ If someone you love is constantly talking about food or their dieting habits, it might be a sign of concern.

___18___ Changes in mood or behaviors surrounding food or exercise can be signs of concern. This could mean a switch in activity level like overexercising, too often counting calories, frequently visiting the bathroom after eating, fasting or eating too much. ___19___ They’re constantly turning down food-centric social gatherings.

Avoiding social interactions such as birthday parties or going out to dinner with friends is a significant danger signal. People living with the condition have an intense focus on food or body image. They will keep away from situations likely ones that once brought them joy—where that determination might be tested.

The best way to support someone who may be experiencing an eating disorder is by talking with them, but when and how you do it matters. ___20___ Approach them with love and compassion, let them know that you care about them and that you notice that there is something they may be struggling with. A. This also might come with a noticeable weight loss or gain. B. However, being trapped in that discussion is a different story. C. Their fitness or eating habits are constantly out of the ordinary. D. Mood changes associated with eating may also be a danger signal. E. It should be away from the normal routine and outside of a meal time. F. Some symptoms of an eating disorder may be more visible to the eyes.

G. Eating disorders are a group of conditions marked by an unhealthy relationship with food. 【答案】16. F 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. E

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是有关“饮食失调的迹象”。 了解那些可能有饮食失调风险的人的症状是很重要的。 【16题详解】

”承接下文，F项Some symptoms of an eating disorder 下文提示“然而，还有许多人常常隐藏在普通的视线中。may be more visible to the eyes.（饮食失调的一些症状可能更容易被眼睛看到。）切题。下文中的yet“然而”，表示转折，将该项中的more visible to the eyes和下文中的hidden in plain sight连在一起。故选F。 【17题详解】

上文提示“关于改变饮食习惯的讨论非常普遍。看看任何一本生活时尚杂志或网站，你可能会发现节食的秘”再根据空格下文提示“如果你爱的人总是在谈论食物或者他们的饮食习惯，诀和建议。这可能是一个担忧的信号。”承接上下文，B项However, being trapped in that discussion is a different story.（然而，陷入这种讨论是另一回事。）切题。该项中的However,与上文构成一种转折，且该项内容引出下文。故选B。 【18题详解】

此空属于小标题。本段第一句提示“与食物或运动有关的情绪或行为的变化可能是担忧的迹象。这可能意味着活动水平的改变，比如过度锻炼、经常计算卡路里、饭后频繁上厕所、禁食或吃得太多。”由此可知，C项Their fitness or eating habits are constantly out of the ordinary.（他们的健康或饮食习惯总是与众不同。）切题。故选C。 【19题详解】

上文提示“这可能意味着活动水平的改变，比如过度锻炼、经常计算卡路里、饭后频繁上厕所、禁食或吃得太多。”承接上文，A项This also might come with a noticeable weight loss or gain.（这也可能伴随着明显的体重减轻或增加。）切题。该项中的also将上句连接在一起。故选A。 【20题详解】

上文提示“支持一个可能正在经历饮食失调的人的最好方法是和他们交谈，但是什么时候以及怎样做很重要。”承接上文，E项 It should be away from the normal routine and outside of a meal time.（它应该远离正常的日常生活，在用餐时间之外。）切题。该项中的it指的就是上文中的The best way。故选E。

【2019届湖南省六校高三联合考试】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

We are surrounded by messages trying to get our attention. Advertisers, politicians and other groups all try to get us to agree with them. ___36___. Propaganda is not always a bad thing, but it often hides the truth about a topic.

It’s very similar to advertising, whose goal is to get people to buy something, while propaganda is to change what people believe.

Propaganda Techniques

To create propaganda, a common technique is name－calling. A politician might call someone a traitor or liar, which makes the other person look bad. Another is the trend technique. People want to be on the side in the favor. ___37___. Some propaganda is based on fear. It scares people into choosing a certain side or taking action, which might not be bad. Anti－smoking campaigns are one example. They may scare people into thinking that if they smoke, they will get cancer.

___38___ Propaganda is used by many groups, such as businesses, politicians and the government. It is spread through posters, television and radio. The Internet makes it easy to send messages to the whole world.

Types of Propaganda

Political propaganda has been around as long as there have been politicians. ___39___. People have used it for many years. War propaganda began during World War I, more than 100 years ago.

To see if propaganda is saying the truth, people need to do extra work. For example, ads might always sound like they’re true. But before you believe them, try to think about who created and paid for them. Find out why they did it. ___40___. A. Propaganda Targets B. Propaganda Mediums

C. Another word for this is propaganda

D. So most people will agree with those politicians E. Then, you can decide if they’re being honest or not

F. However, religious propaganda was actually the first official one G. People might join someone who claims to be popular or winning 【答案】36. C 37. G 38. B 39. F 40. E 【解析】

本文为说明文，主要介绍了宣传的作用，手段，传播媒介以及种类。

【36题详解】

生活中的信息欲引起人们的广泛关注；广告商、政客和其它群体试图让人们同意他们的观点，都离不开宣传造势，C选项，这种现象还有一个名称叫做宣传，该句引出了主题，切题，故选C。 【37题详解】

根据本段可知，主要的宣传手段有:贴标签、从众宣传以及引发恐惧等，G选项，人们都想加入受欢迎或者获胜的人，该句为从众宣传的具体表现，切题，故选G。 【38题详解】

第三段主要介绍宣传的传播途径，主要通过海报、电视、广播以及互联网，故选B。 【39题详解】

第四段主要介绍宣传的三种主要类别:政治宣传、宗教宣传和战争宣传， F选项，宗教宣传实际上就是第一类宣传，很早就被人们使用，切题，故选F。 【40题详解】

根据前一句Find out why they did it.通过了解宣传者的意图和目的，才能知晓宣传的真实性，故选E。 【河南省洛阳、许昌、平顶山三市2019年高三3月联合质量检测】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Can creativity be taught? That’s a question without a simple yes or no answer. Creativity may not be able to be taught directly, but what you can get better at is frequently targeting at the circumstances of life which bring up the greatest chances for true creative expression. ___16___, but more like something which manifests （显现） itself inside those who learn to develop it and create the right conditions for it.

Limit your selection of tools to only the most vital. ___17___. You’ll be sharper than someone who merely fights with a larger set of tools.

Learn how to be resourceful. ___18___. Creativity is not just about creating something new but making old things work better as well. Think of crazy possibilities as well as practical ones. You might find inspiration for a workable solution in one of your ideas.

Don’t listen to feedback （反馈） and keep following your own path. The problem of asking for feedback is that the feedback will be given according to the person’s past experience. Others will unconsciously push you in a direction that they see as best. ___19___. Just don’t let criticism （even the constructing type） destroy your creativity during the creative process.

___20___. Routines are positive if they strengthen a healthy creative consciousness and negative if they

destroy that. The key is to discover a creative routine that puts you in a more creative mindset. A. Creativity is not like a lightning strike B. Having a routine is actually not a bad idea C. You can literally do anything you like with them

D. Resourcefulness is about making the most of what you have to work with E. The more limited your set of tools is, the more creative the output will be F. This is done with good intentions, but it actually hurts your natural creativity G. While breaking your routine once in a while to force new ways of thinking is good 【答案】16. A 17. E 18. D 19. F 20. B 【解析】

本文为议论文。创造力是被教会的吗？作者对此做出了分析和解释，认为经常处于有创造性的生活环境中，人的创造力是可以得到更好的激发的。 【16题详解】

根据下文but more like something which manifests （显现） itself inside those who learn to develop it and create the right conditions for it.的转折关系可知，创造力不是像闪电突然爆发的，而是更像是在那些有所准备的人的内心深处显现出来的东西。故选A 。 【17题详解】

根据上一句可知，只选择最重要的工具。本句做出解释，表明原因：你的工具越有限，产出就会越有创意。故选E。 【18题详解】

根据空格前后句意可知，此处为衔接，对上一句“resourceful”进行解释，并且引出下文“创造力不仅仅是创造一些新的东西，而是让旧的东西更好地工作。”故选项D. Resourcefulness is about making the most of what you have to work with.要充分利用你所拥有的一切，符合题意，故选D。 【19题详解】

根据本段话主题句Don’t listen to feedback （反馈） and keep following your own path. 可知，要坚持走自己的路，不要听从别人的经验之谈，别人会无意识地把你推向他们认为最好的方向。这样做是出于好意，但实际上会伤害你的自然创造力。故选F 。

【20题详解】

根据段落结构可知，此处为主题句。根据本段论述的中心大意可知，好的习惯是积极的，要养成能够让你的思维更具创造力的好习惯，所以，形成惯例其实不是一个坏主意，故选B 。

【四川省教2019届高三第三次诊断】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Movies have documented America for more than one hundred years. Since Thomas Edison introduced the movie camera in 13 amateur and professional movie-makers have used moving pictures to tell stories and explain the work of business and government. ___36___ By preserving these movies, we will save a century of history.

Unfortunately, movies are not made to last. ___37___ Already the losses are high. Only 20% of US feature films from the 1910s to 1920s survive. Of the American features produced before 1950, about half exist. For independently produced works, we have no way of knowing how much has been lost.

For many libraries and museums, the hardest step in preserving movie collections is getting started. The Movie Preservation Guide is designed for these organizations. ___38___ These institutions have collections of moving pictures but lack information about how to take care of them. The guide contains basic facts for “beginners”—professionals trained in history but unschooled in this technical area.

The guide grew from user workshops at Duke University. At the sessions, beginners talked with technical experts about what they needed to know to preserve and make available their movie collections. ___39___ Following the advice, the guide describes methods for handling and storing moving pictures that are practical for research institutions with limited resources. ___40___ The guide has been translated into Chinese, Japanese and Korean.

A. “Keep it simple!” was the advice of the discussions. B. They’ll be damaged within years if not properly stored. C. These organizations are the first to save American movies. D. It is organized in chapters and includes case studies and charts. E. It introduces movie preservation to nonprofit and public institutions. F. They show how generations of Americans have lived, worked and dreamed. G. They store the original movies and new ones under cool-and-dry conditions. 【答案】36. F 37. B

, 38. E 39. A 40. D 【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一本保存老电影的指南。 【36题详解】

根据上文Since Thomas Edison introduced the movie camera in 13, amateur and professional movie-makers have used moving pictures to tell stories and explain the work of business and government.（可知从13年以来，业余和专业的电影制作人制作了许多电影。）与下文By preserving these movies, we will save a century of history.（通过保护这些老电影，我们可以封存美国这100年的历史。）可知本句应为描述这些电影的意义：它们向我们展示了世世代代的美国人如何生活、工作以及追逐梦想。故选F。 【37题详解】

根据上文Unfortunately, movies are not made to last. （人们制作电影并不是为了让它能持续很长的时间。）与下文 Already the losses are high.（现在的损失已经很大了。）可推理得知：如果没有得到恰当的储存，它们在几年之内就会受到破坏。故选B。 【38题详解】

根据上文The Movie Preservation Guide is designed for these organizations.（这本电影保存指南是专为这些机构设计的。）与后文These institutions have collections of moving pictures but lack information about how to take care of them.（这些机构有许多的老电影，但是缺乏保存它们的方法。）可知本句应为说明这本电影保存指南的目的是:它向非营利性以及公共机构介绍了保存老电影的方法。故选E。 【39题详解】

根据上文At the sessions, beginners talked with technical experts about what they needed to know to preserve and make available their movie collections.（在座谈会上，他们向专家们咨询如何保存老电影以及如何利用他们的电影收藏。）可知本句应为专家们对他们的问题给出的建议。故A选项：他们的建议是:最简法则。符合上下文意思连贯。因此，正确答案为A。 【40题详解】

根据上文Following the advice, the guide describes methods for handling and storing moving pictures that are practical for research institutions with limited resources.（在这些建议之后，这本指南又给出了可操作的处理和储存电影的方法。）故下文应为继续介绍这本指南的内容：它是按章节编写的，还包括了案例分析和图表。故D选项符合此处的意思，故答案为D。

【东北三省三校（辽宁省实验、东北师大附中、哈师大附中）2019届高三第二模拟】根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

If you want to save money on groceries following ways will help you cut $100 out of your monthly grocery bill without too much effort.

___16___ Convenience lets you save time for other things you need to get done. Pre-made items may save your time, but they cost a pretty penny. These items come in the form of packaged dinners or pre-cut produce. Instead of that plate of cut pineapple, buy the whole fruit or vegetable for a part of the cost.

Know what to buy in bulk (大批). Shopping at warehouse stores can be a great way to save money, but not every item is worth buying in bulk. ___17___ Skip the meat The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that the average cost of beef is $ 4.13 per pound this March. ___18___ If you skip the beef twice a week, you can instantly cut $30 to $40, if not more, off your grocery bill each month.

Know what to buy in season. Fruits and vegetables are a great addition to your daily diet, but they can add a significant amount to your grocery bill, especially when you buy items out of season. ___19___ If your favorite items are getting ready to go out of season, consider buying a little extra and freezing them.

___20___ However, there are ways to, stretch your dollar further without hurting your habits. A. Store pre-made items. B. Skip the prepared items.

C. Shopping for groceries can be an expensive attempt.

D. Beef has seen a significant increase in price over the past few years.

E. The cost can add up quickly if you’re eating beef three or four times per week. F. As produce items go out of season, the become more expensive as the supply decreases. G. Certain items make sense to buy in large quantities as they typically have a longer shelf life. 【答案】16. B 17. G 18. E 19. F 20. C 【解析】

这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了如果你想在日常用品上省钱，下面的方法可以帮你省下每月100美元的杂货费。

【16题详解】

这一段主要讲了预先做好项目的弊端，所以这一段的标题应该是跳过准备好的项目，故选B。 【17题详解】

上文Shopping at warehouse stores can be a great way to save money, but not every item is worth buying in bulk.说在仓储式商店购物是省钱的好方法，但并不是每件商品都值得批量购买。该空承接上文，G选项“某些商品大批量购买是有意义的，因为它们通常有更长的货架期”切题，故选G。 【18题详解】

上文The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that the average cost of beef is $ 4.13 per pound this March. 说美国劳工统计局报告说，今年3月牛肉的平均价格为每磅4.13美元。下文If you skip the beef twice a week, you can instantly cut $30 to $40, if not more, off your grocery bill each month.说如果你每周两次不吃牛肉，你每月的食品消费就能立刻减少30到40美元，甚至更多。该空承上启下，E选项“如果你每周吃三到四次牛肉的话，花费会很快增加”切题，故选E。 【19题详解】

上文Fruits and vegetables are a great addition to your daily diet, but they can add a significant amount to your grocery bill, especially when you buy items out of season. 说水果和蔬菜是你日常饮食的重要组成部分，但它们也会给你的购物账单增加一大笔钱，尤其是当你买的东西不是当季的时候。下文 If your favorite items are getting ready to go out of season, consider buying a little extra and freezing them.说如果你最喜欢的东西快要过时了，可以考虑多买一些冷冻起来。该空承上启下，F选项“随着农产品的淡季，随着供应的减少，农产品变得越来越贵”切题，故选F。 【20题详解】

下文However, there are ways to, stretch your dollar further without hurting your habits.说然而，有一些方法可以在不损害你习惯的前提下，让你的钱花得更多。该空引出下文，C选项“购买食品杂货是一项昂贵的尝试”切题，故选C。

【湖北省武汉市2019届高三4月调研测】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Many people struggle with saying “No”. ___16___ Remember, just because you can do something does not mean it is required. Understand you always have a right to turn down an invitation or refuse a favor and figure out the best ways to say “No”. Here are some specific tips.

Give yourself permission to say no. Many people have an immediate reaction to say “Yes” when they’re asked

to do someone a favor. Keep in mind，you are never required to say “Yes”. It’s actually okay to say “No” sometimes. Accept this as you prepare to say “No” to someone. ___17___ Set up your personal boundaries.___18___ However, that reason does not have to be concrete. Many people think if they can do something, they should. Your reason for saying “No” can be a simple matter of your own personal boundaries. Think about what boundaries you have, and accept the fact you’re allowed to stay true to them.

___19___ People often won’t take “No” for an answer. If you say “No” to someone，they may give you

various reasons to try and change your mind. Stay determined for your decision and do not give in easily.

Practice saying “ No”. It may sound silly, but you can actually practice saying “ No”alone. ___20___ Practice giving a firm “No” to someone so you get comfortable with the words. Many people are nervous about saying “ No ” and may say “Yes” due to anxiety. Practicing can help get rid of some of this anxiety. A. This will help you say “No” with ease. B. Be aware of potential persuasion techniques. C. Find a good chance to stand in front of a crowd. D. It’s always easier to say “No” if you have a reason. E. Try standing before a mirror and looking at yourself. F. It’s rather easy for you to set up your personal boundaries. G. If someone asks you a favor，you may feel you have to say “Yes”. 【答案】16. G 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. E 【解析】

这是一篇议论文。文章作者对于如何对别人说“不”这个问题，给出了一些技巧。 【16题详解】

上文Many people struggle with saying “No”.说许多人挣扎着说“不”。该空承接上文，G选项意思是如果有人请求你帮忙,你可能会觉得你不得不说“是”切题，故选G。 【17题详解】

上文Keep in mind，you are never required to say “Yes”. It’s actually okay to say “No” sometimes. Accept this as you prepare to say “No” to someone. 说记住，你不需要永远说“是”。有时候说“不”其实是可以的。当你准备

对别人说“不”的时候，接受这一点。该空承接上文，A选项意思是这将帮助你轻松地说“不”切题，故选A。【18题详解】

上文Set up your personal boundaries.说设定你的个人界限。下文 However, that reason does not have to be concrete. 说然而，这个理由不必是具体的。该空承上启下，D选项意思是如果你有理由，说“不”总是更容易切题，故选D。 【19题详解】

下文People often won’t take “No” for an answer. If you say “No” to someone，they may give you various reasons to try and change your mind. Stay determined for your decision and do not give in easily.说人们通常不会接受“不”的回答。如果你对他说“不”的人，他们可能会给你不同的原因，尝试改变你的想法。下定决心做决定，不要轻易屈服。该空引出下文，B选项“注意潜在的说服技巧”切题，故选B。 【20题详解】

上文It may sound silly, but you can actually practice saying “ No”alone.说这听起来可能很傻，但你可以独自一个人练习说“不”。下文Practice giving a firm “No” to someone so you get comfortable with the words.说练习对别人坚定地说“不”，这样你就会对这些话感到舒服。该空承接上文，E选项“试着站在镜子前看看自己”切题，故选E。

【山西省2019届高三考前适应性训练二（二模）】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Most people will agree that it is good to read, but not all reading is equal. Here are some tips for productive reading.

1. Take notes.

Even if you never refer to your notes again, the process of taking notes helps you sort out something important and will help you remember it. You can choose between computers or paper for your notes. ___16___. On the other hand, many people feel they recall information better when they write it by hand.

2. ___17___. If you are like me, once you commit to reading a book, it is very hard to give up until you’ve finished it. Given the number of books that are available and our limited life, it just doesn’t make sense to read a book that you aren’t getting anything from.

3. Variety is good.

While you don’t want to give up on a book that you are benefiting from, it is important to give yourself variety.

You can pick up a book at random or intentionally looking for something different from what you normally read. ___18___. 4. Review what you’ve read.

If you want to remember what you read, take the time to review. ___19___. When you finish a book, spend 15 minutes examining your notes in 2 to 4 days. Then 2 to 4 weeks after that and then 2 to 4 months after that. This will strengthen the knowledge in your mind.

5. Discuss what you read with others.

___20___. If you can talk with people in person, that is ideal, but don t overlook the power of the Internet in connecting people with similar interests but different geography. A. Don’t be afraid to give up B. Make full use of reading time

C. It’s hard to get more out of your normal reading

D. This can be very valuable in giving you a different opinion E. And you，d better go over things at ever increasing time intervals F. Using computers will make it easy to find your notes later by search G. The best way to get more from your reading is to discuss it with others 【答案】16. F 17. A 18. D 19. E 20. G 【解析】 【分析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章作者主要给我们介绍了如何一些提高阅读效率的建议。 【16题详解】

根据上文的You can choose between computers or paper for your notes.的关键词computers和下文的On the other hand可知，使用电脑可以很容易地找到你的笔记。故选F。 【17题详解】

考查小标题。根据下文If you are like me, once you commit to reading a book, it is very hard to give up until you’ve finished it.关键词give up 和it just doesn’t make sense to read a book that you aren’t getting anything from读一本你没有任何收获的书是没有意义的，可知，不要害怕放弃。故选A。

【18题详解】

根据小标题Variety is good. 多样性是有好处的，和While you don’t want to give up on a book that you are benefiting from, it is important to give yourself variety. 虽然你不想放弃一本你从中受益的书，但重要的是让自己多样化，可知，这对于给你一个不同的观点是很有价值的。选选D。 【19题详解】

根据小标题Review what you’ve read. 复习你读过的东西，和If you want to remember what you read, take the time to review. 如果你想记住你读过的东西，花时间复习。你最好每隔一段时间复习一遍。表示递进关系，符合题意。故选E。 【20题详解】

根据小标题Discuss what you read with others. 与他人讨论你所阅读的内容，可知，从阅读中获得更多的最好方法是和别人讨论。照应该段标题，符合题意。故选G。

【江西省赣州市五校协作体2019届高三上学期期中】阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）

When I was young， my friends and I often played baseball in an alley behind our home． A woman （小巷）named Mrs Shinas owned a tiny house nearby， and she used to watch us play from her window．___16___We all thought that she was mean．

She had a big trained dog and whenever one of our baseballs rolled in its direction， Mrs Shinas would send the dog to catch it．___17___Soon we ran out of balls．

In those days， I used to water our lawn each day． One day as I stood watering our small lawn， I noticed that Mrs Shinas' lawn looked a little dry． It took only a few more minutes to water it， so I did it．___18___ When autumn came that year， I also helped gather up the leaves on Mrs． Shinas' yard． As I was doing this one day， she invited me to sit in her living room． She gave me a cookie and a glass of milk． As I sat there eating the cookie， she showed me her collection of paintings．___19___That surprised me a lot． It was the first conversation I had ever had with her．

___20___ She went into her kitchen and returned with a box． In it were all the balls that her dog had taken． She handed me the box， said \"thank you\" and smiled． I realized she had a kind heart． I also leaned that when we serve others， we are showing them that we love them． A． We wanted to buy a new ball．

B． But the dog wouldn't return the ball to us．

C． Her next action even changed my opinion of her． D． Then she thanked me for taking care of her lawn． E． Soon I found myself watering her lawn each day． F． She rarely came out of her house and never smiled． G． What delighted me most was that she was a great painter． 【答案】16. F 17. B 18. E 19. D 20. C 【解析】 【分析】

这是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了小时候与Mrs Shinas女士之间发生的故事。 【16题详解】

由she used to watch us play from her window. We all thought that she was mean.她以前经常从窗口看我们玩。我们都认为她很刻薄。可知，小题1的位置可知，决定了小题1也是对这个女士的描述，所以作者才认为她很刻薄。故F选项切题。 【17题详解】

由Mrs Shinas would send the dog to catch it.____2____ Soon we ran out of balls这位女士派狗去抓它。很快我们的球就用完了。可知，由小题2的位置可知，小题2的选项一定要表示转折，才能导致球很快就用完了。故B选项切题。 【18题详解】

由 It took only a few more minutes to water it, so I did it.浇水仅仅花费了几分钟，所以我就浇了。以及下文女士邀请作者去她家里做客并表示感谢。可知，作者每天都给女士的草坪浇水，秋天来的时候还帮助女士清理庭院里的树叶。所以女士才会把作者邀请到家里来做客并表示感谢。故E选项切题。 【19题详解】

由That surprised me a lot这让我很吃惊。可知，前文已经提到过作者认为她很刻薄。那么小题4的选项所说的内容应该是作者想不到的，所以才会让作者惊讶。故D选项切题。 【20题详解】

“谢由 She handed me the box, said “thank you” and smiled. I realized she had a kind heart. 她把盒子递给我，说：谢你”，然后笑了。我意识到她有一颗善良的心。可知，这些都是在说作者对于女人看法的具体改变。所以

小题5的位置决定了要总说作者对于女人看法的改变。故C选项切题。

【点睛】七选五主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。除了从语句间的意义关系分析外，还可借助句子之间的连接性词语来把握，因为连接性词语能表明这个语段句与句之间、层与层之间的基本关系。例如转折关系。某些句子含有表示转折或对比的连词、副词或副词短语，如but， though， although， instead， however， on the contrary， otherwise等，我们可利用这些暗示来解决问题。分析小题2的前句Mrs Shinas would send the dog to catch it和后句 Soon we ran out of balls 可知，小题2的选项一定要表示转折，才能引起下文。通过分析选项，只有B选项中有连词but。故B选项切题。所以要善于抓住这些含有表示转折或对比的连词、副词或副词短语，以此更好的解题。

【山东省安丘市、诸城市、五莲县、兰山区2019届高三4月模拟训练】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Unit the 1980s scientists were trained to ignore animal pain, according to the belief that the ability to feel pain was associated only with higher consciousness. However, today, scientists view humans as a species of animals, and largely accept that many species are capable of some level of self-awareness. ___36___ If you hit another person in the face, you can estimate their pain level by what they do or say in response. ___37___ Gradually, scientists have developed a set of indicators of pain response in non-human animals. Demonstrating a response to a negative stimulation and displaying protective behavior of injured areas are two major signs.

___38___ Some researchers argue lobsters (龙虾) are too dissimilar to vertebrates (脊椎动物) to feel pain. Nonetheless, lobsters do satisfy all of the standards for a pain response. Lobsters guard their injuries, and learn to avoid dangerous situations. They are even believed to possess some level of consciousness. In result, today most scientists agree that injuring a lobster causes physical pain.

Due to growing evidence that the lobsters may feel pain, it is now illegal to boil lobsters alive or keep them on ice in some countries. Even in locations where boiling lobsters remains legal, many restaurants prefer more humane methods. ___39___ To satisfy picky diners, more restaurants rule out the cruel cooking methods. Currently, the most humane tool for cooking a lobster is the CrustaStun. This device electrocutes (电击) a lobster. ___40___ The following process of cooking is sure to cause no pain. In contrast, it takes about 2 minutes for a lobster to die from boiling water during which time pain lasts. A. But huge disagreement exists.

,

B The creature instantly loses consciousness in half a second.

C. It beats the former method by saving chefs’ effort in cleaning the creature.

D. It’s difficult to assess pain in other species because we cannot communicate as easily. E. People are coming to realize that other species might also enjoy the luxury of emotion.

F. Except for moral consideration, many chefs believe stress negatively affects the flavor (味道) of the meat. G. Legal prohibition becomes the major consideration for restaurants when choosing a cooking method. 【答案】36. E 37. D 38. A 39. F 40. B

. 【解析】

这是一篇说明文。今天，科学家把人类看作是一种动物，并在很大程度上接受许多物种都有一定程度的自我意识。人们开始意识到其他物种也可能拥有情感。接着文章以龙虾为例，论述了两种不同的观点：一种认为龙虾不能感觉到疼痛；一种认为龙虾受伤会引起身体疼痛。由于越来越多的证据表明龙虾可能会感到疼痛，在一些国家，活煮龙虾或把龙虾放在冰上是非法的。而餐厅除了道德上的考虑，也为了保持食物的口感，在烹饪龙虾前会将其电晕，再对其进行没有任何痛苦的烹饪。 【36题详解】

根据上文today, scientists view humans as a species of animals, and largely accept that many species are capable of some level of self-awareness.可知今天，科学家把人类看作是一种动物，并在很大程度上接受了许多物种都有一定程度的自我意识。这是人们逐渐意识到其他物种也可能享受情感。故选E。 【37题详解】

根据下文Gradually, scientists have developed a set of indicators of pain response in non-human animals.可知科学家们开发了一套非人类动物疼痛反应的指标。这是因为我们不能很容易地交流，所以很难评估其他物种的疼痛。故选D。 【38题详解】

根据后文Some researchers argue lobsters (龙虾) are too dissimilar to vertebrates (脊椎动物) to feel pain. 可知一些研究人员认为龙虾和脊椎动物太不相似了，所以不能感觉到疼痛。与本段最后一句In result, today most scientists agree that injuring a lobster causes physical pain.（今天大多数科学家都认为龙虾受伤会引起身体疼痛。）两者观点完全不一致，是存在巨大分歧的。故选A。 【39题详解】

根据下文To satisfy picky diners, more restaurants rule out the cruel cooking methods.（为了满足挑剔的食客，更多的餐馆排除了残忍的烹饪方法。）可知本空是叙述这一行为的原因是：除了道德上的考虑，许多厨师认为压力会对肉的味道产生负面影响。故选F。 【40题详解】

根据下文The following process of cooking is sure to cause no pain.（接下来的烹调过程肯定不会引起疼痛。）因此可知龙虾是因为电击立刻失去了知觉，所以没有痛苦，故选B。

【河南省开封市2019届高三上学期第一次模拟】阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）

According to a sales report from askci．com on 2018's Double Eleven， the national shopping day， women's down garments were among the top 10 hit products．

Statistics show that down garments have been popular for many years in both northern and southern China．___16___．Especially during a fiercely cold winter，___17___， cares about being stylish？

All you need is warmth -- the very light from heaven， which down garments can provide you

with． However， as living standards rise， more expensive garments filled with goose down， instead of duck down， have appeared in the market．

___18___．what's the difference between the down from these two creatures？ First， the down from mature geese is larger and thicker， which makes garments filled with goose down much warmer． Second， goose down is more flexible and fluffier than that of ducks．___19___， goose down has no strange odor． Geese are often \"vegetarians\" and eat clean， while ducks are omnivorous， which could give their feathers and down a strong scent．___20___．

However， duck down is still a good choice if you live in place where winter is windy， yet not that cold． If you still want be stylish…

Although most down garments can make people look big and sloppy， you could choose longer ones for a slimming look． For colors， metallic hues are more fashionable and pair more easily with other street-style outfits in your wardrobe． A．Goose or duck？

B．It seems the strong warmth provided by down garments has been nationally approved． C．These are the advantages that account for the higher prices of garments made with goose down． D．when you shudder in the wind． E．How to choose your down garment．

F．The last difference is key for people sensitive to smells． G．You may like goose garment better． 【答案】16. B 17. E 18. A 19. C 20. F 【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了女式羽绒服在中国已经流行多年，羽绒服的保暖性能似乎已经得到了全国的认可。 【16题详解】

根据后文They have been popular for many years in China．（它们在中国已经流行多年了。）可知羽绒服所提供的强烈的温暖似乎已经得到了全国的认可。故选B。 【17题详解】

根据下文cares about being stylish？关心是否时尚？可知本句应为提出“如何选择羽绒服”，符合文意，故选E。【18题详解】

根据后文First，the down from mature geese is larger and thicker，which makes garments filled with goose down much warmer．Second，goose down is more flexible than that of ducks．The last difference is key for people sensitive to smells：Compared to duck down，goose down has no strange smell．可知首先，成熟鹅的绒毛更大更厚，这使得鹅绒的衣服更暖和；其次，鹅绒比鸭子的柔软．最后一个区别是人们对气味敏感的关键：鹅绒比鸭绒异味少。可知A项：Goose or duck？选鹅绒还是鸭绒？符合文意，故选A。 【19题详解】

根据前文goose down is more flexible and fluffier than that of ducks，鹅绒比鸭绒更柔软、更蓬松。可知这些都是鹅绒服装价格更高的原因。符合语境，故选C。 【20题详解】

根据前文Ducks do not eat clean diet， which could give their feathers a strong scent．（鸭子不吃干净的食物，这会给它们的羽毛一种强烈的气味。）smell可对应到 F项中的smells，指出：最后一个区别是对气味敏感的人的关键，符合文意，故选F。