英国文学复习

1. Dickens‘ writings from 1836 to 1841 show the characteristic of youthful _______.

2. Dickens‘ writings from 1842 to 1850 show the character of _______. 3. Dickens‘ writings from 1852 to 1870 show the feature of ______.

4. Nicholas Nickleby touches upon a burning question of the time—the education of ____ in private schools.

5. _____ is a great novel of social satire and famous for its criticism of both the British and American bourgeoisie.

6. The theme of Dombey and Son is the pride of wealth, or ―_____‖.

7. David Copperfield was written in the ____ person in a combination of ____, sense of ____ and artistic ______.

8. The main butt (目标) of satire in Bleak House is aimed at the abuses of the English _____.

9. In Hard Times Dickens describes the ____ movement with great artistic power.

Key to the blanks: 1. optimism 5. Martin Chuzzlewit 9. Chartist 2. excitement and 6. purse-pride irritation 7. first; verisimilitude; 3. pessimism familiarity; maturity 4. children 8. courts

B.

2. William Shakespeare‘s four tragedies are Hamlet, , King Lear and Macbeth. 3. is Chaucer‘s masterpiece and one of the monumental works in English literature. 4. Of all his works, Charles Dickens thinks that the main character in is almost the incarnation of himself.

5. William Blake expresses racial discrimination in The Little Boy and The Chimney Sweeper, which are extracted from his .

7. ___ __ gives a vivid and satirical picture of Vanity Fair which is the symbol of London at the time of Restoration.

8. In the opinion of many critics, was the most gifted of the three Bronte sisters. Ralph Fox, the revolutionary critic of England, writes: ―Wuthering Heights is certainly the novel become poetry, it is beyond all doubt one of the most extraordinary books which human genius has ever produced, yet it is these things only because it is a cry of despairing agony wrung from the authoress by life itself…‖

9. was a cultural phenomenon of ―fin de siele‖ in Europe. It was a kind of escapism in essence. Ralph Fox thus wrote about the aesthetic school of literature:

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― ‗Art for art‘s sake‘ is only the hopeless answer of the artist to the slogan ‗Art for money‘s sake‘‖:--hopeless because ivory never was a good material for fortifications. 11. Henry James, forerunner of the ― ‖ literature, was born in New York and educated in America.

12. The subtitle of Tess of the D’Urberville is . 13. is one of the most prominent of the 20th century English realistic writers. The Forsyte Saga gives a profound and true-to-life picture of the English bourgeois society during a period of 40 years.

14.The two most important English poets of the first half of 20th century are

and . Key to the blanks:

2. Othello 3. The Canterbury Tales 4.David Copperfield 5. Songs of Innocence 7. The Pilgrim’s Progress 8. Emily Bronte 9. Aestheticism 11. stream of consciousness 12.A Pure Woman Faithfully Portrayed 13.John Galsworthy 14. W.B.Yeats, T.S.Eliot

C

Key to the blanks: 1. Latin 5. King Arthur 9. The Ring and the 2. aesthetic 6. Goblin Market Book 3. art 7. soul 10. comedy 4. In Memoriam 8. dramatic monologue

1. Carlyle‘s Sartor Resartus is a ____phrase meaning ―the tailor retailored‖. 2. Ruskin‘s works on art expound his ______ thoughts and principles. 3. Ruskin‘s The Stones of Venice is a book in the sphere of ____ criticism.

4. Tennyson‘s book, ______, was written in memory of his friend A. H. Hallam. 5. Tennyson‘s The Idylls of the King is based on the stories of _____ and his Knights

of the Round Table.

6. Christina Georgina Rossetti was famous for her _____, her chief narrative poem. 7. The keynote of Dante Gabriel Rossetti‘s love poems is the union of the body and

the ______.

8. Robert Browning‘s greatest contribution to literature is ____. 9. Robert Browning‘s masterpiece is ____.

10. The Importance of Being Earnest is the first modern _____ of English.

D.

1. characters/environments 2. The Silver Box 3. John Donne 4.The Merchant of Venice 5. Jonathan Swift 6. Ben Johnson 7. Ben Johnson 8. Scottish 9. Romanticism 10. Oliver Twist 11. A Novel Without a Hero 12. Pride and Prejudice 13.Charotte Bronte

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1. Hardy‘s novels are well-known for the _____ and _____. 2. _____ made Galsworthy famous as a playwright.

3. ___ __ is regarded as ―father of metaphysical literature‖. 4. Portia is the heroine in William Shakespeare‘s . 5. With the publication of his Gulliver’s Travel, won great reputation as one of the greatest novelists in world literature.

6. , a play written by Sheridan, repudiating the high society for its vanity, greed and hypocrisy, has been regarded as the best English comedy since Shakespeare.

7. ‘s Dictionary marked the end of English writers‘ reliance on the patronage of noblemen for support.

8. As a peasant poet, Robert Burns is the national poet of Scotland. He is a master of dialect.

9. English began in 1798 and ended in 1832.

10. , written by Charles Dickens in 1837-1838, tells the story of an orphan boy, whose adventures provide a description of the lower depths of London.

11. Vanity Fair is William Thackeray‘s masterpiece. It was published in 1847-1848 in monthly parts. The subtitle of the book, ― ‖, emphasizes the fact that the writer‘s intention was not to portray individuals, but the bourgeois and aristocratic society as a whole.

12. ―It is a truth universally acknowledged that, a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife ‖ is from Jane Austen‘s .

13.Jane Eyre, ‘s masterpiece, tells the story of an orphan girl. It is her best literary production.

E.

1. Latin 2. aesthetic 3. art 4. In Memoriam 5. King Arthur

6. Goblin Market 7. soul 8. dramatic monologue 9. The Ring and the Book 10. comedy 11. Treasure Island 12. socialist 13. aesthete 14. Italian 15. Rubaiyat

1. Carlyle‘s Sartor Resartus is a ____phrase meaning ―the tailor retailored‖. 2. Ruskin‘s works on art expound his ______ thoughts and principles. 3. Ruskin‘s The Stones of Venice is a book in the sphere of ____ criticism.

4. Tennyson‘s book, ______, was written in memory of his friend A. H. Hallam. 5. Tennyson‘s The Idylls of the King is based on the stories of _____ and his Knights of the Round Table.

6. Christina Georgina Rossetti was famous for her _____, her chief narrative poem. 7. The keynote of Dante Gabriel Rossetti‘s love poems is the union of the body and the ______.

8. Robert Browning‘s greatest contribution to literature is ____. 9. Robert Browning‘s masterpiece is ____.

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10. The Importance of Being Earnest is the first modern _____ of English. 11. Robert Louis Stevenson‘s masterpiece is ________. 12. William Morris was a great poet, artist and _______.

13. Swinburne‘s mastery of metrical skill, versatility in the use of lyric forms and unconventional choice of themes made him an _______.

14. Songs before Sunrise expresses Swinburne‘s support and sympathy to the _________ revolution of independence.

15. _______is the 4-lined stanza rhyming in its first, second, and fourth lines. E.

1. Wessex 2.Renaissance 3. The Pilgrim’s Progress 4.Paradise Lost 5.epistolary 6. Edmund Spenser 7. poem 8. William Blake 9. Spanish 10. The Pilgrim’s Progress 11. Heathcliff, Catharine 12. Aestheticism 13.Irish 14. psychological

1. Hardy‘s poetry is famous for its ____ poetry.

2. As a literary giant, William Shakespeare becomes the monument of the English ______.

3. William Langland‘s masterpiece, , is an allegory, a narrative in which general concepts such as sins, despair, and faith are represented as people or as aspects of the natural world.

4. Satan is the hero in Milton‘s masterpiece __________. 5. Pamela is written in the form of a/an __________ novel. 6. is often referred to as ―the poet‘s poet‖ 7. The Deserted Village is Goldsmith‘s best . 8. Robert Burns and are called a Pre-Romantic or forerunners of the Romantic poetry of the 19th century.

9. Don Juan was written in Italy during the years 1818-1823. It is 16,000 lines long, in 16 cantos, and written in ottava rima, each stanza containing 8 iambic pentameter lines rhymed abababcc. The story of the poem takes place in the latter part of the 18th century. Don Juan, its hero, is a of noble birth.

10. The title of William Thackeray‘s Vanity Fair was taken from John Bunyan‘s . 11. Emily Bronte is chiefly remembered as the author of the powerful novel Wuthering Heights. In the novel, is a rebel against the bourgeois matrimonial system—for a while is too, during her childhood. Their pure love has been crushed by the class prejudice of the bourgeoisie.

12. began to prevail in Europe at the middle of the 19th century. The theory of ―art for art‘s sake‖ is its core idea.

13. George Bernard Shaw is a/an dramatist.

14.D.H.Laurence occupies an outstanding position in world literature for his novels.

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选择

1. _____ is considered the father of historical novelist in the English Romantic Age.

A. Jane Austen B. Charles Lamb C. William Hazlitt D. Waler Scott 2. _____ has been called ―the supreme epic of English life‖. A. Nicholas Nickleby B. A Tale of Two Cities C. Hard Times D. The Pickwick Papers

3. ______, the ―father of English poetry‖ and one of the greatest narrative poets of England, was born in London in about 1340.

A. Geoffrey Chaucer B. Sir Gawain C. Francis Bacon D. John Dryden 4. _____has been called the summit of the English Renaissance.

A. Christopher Marlow B. Francis Bacon C. W. Shakespeare D. Ben Johnson 5. Paradise Lost is written by . A. Chaucer B. Marlowe C. Ben Jonson D. John Milton

6. Which of the following works are not written by Oliver Goldsmith? ____.

A. The Traveller B. The Deserted Village C. The Vicar of Wakefield D. The School for Scandal 7. ______ is not written by William Blake.

A. The Marriage of Heaven and Hell B. Songs of Experience C. Auld Lang Syne D. Poetical Sketches

8. Which play is regarded as the best English comedy since Shakespeare?

A. She Stoops to Conquer B. The Rivals

C. The School for Scandal D. The Conscious Lovers 9. Keats‘ best ode is ____.

A. ―On a Grecian Urn‖ B. ―To Autumn‖

C. ―To Psyche‖ D. ―To a Nightingale‖

10. The publication of ______ marks the beginning of the Romantic Movement in England.

A. ―Tintern Abbey‖ B. Lyrical Ballads C. Frost at Night D. ―The Daffodils‖ 11. Pride and Prejudice‘s first title is ____.

A. First Impression B. A Book Without a Hero C. The Newcomers D. Persuasion

12. ____ was a leader of the modernist movement in English poetry and a great innovator of verse technique.

A. W. B. Yeats B. T. S. Eliot C. D. H. Lawrence D. G. B. Shaw 13 ___ is a great novel spending James Joyce 7 years of hard working to complete. A. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man B. Ulysses

C. Finnegans Wake D. Dubliners

14 ____ is a collection of short stories which reflect three aspects of life in politics, culture and religion.

A. A Portrait of the Artrist as a Young Man B. Ulysses

C. Finnegans Wake D. Dubliners 15 Which of the following is Not written by D. H. Lawrence?

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A. The Waste Land B. The Rainbow

C. Lady Chatterley’s Lover D. Women in Love 16 Which of the following is not written by Yeats?

A. Four Quartets B. A Vision C. The Winding Stair D. The Tower

17 ____ is the climax of Virginia Woolf‘s experiments through the novel form of ―stream of consciousness‖.

A. Jacob’s Room B. To the Lighthouse C. Orlando D. The Waves

18 The Way of All Flesh written by _____gives a devastating picture of the bourgeois family and hypocrisy of the British middle class.

A. Samuel Butler B. George Meredith C. Herbert George Wells D. John Galsworthy 19 _____ is considered ―the bard of imperialism‖.

A. Joseph Conrad B. Arnold Bennett C. Rudyard Kipling D. Sean O‘Casey 20 Arnold Bennett‘s masterpiece is _____.

A. Kim B. The Old Wives’ Tale C. Lord Jim D. The History of Polly

21. News from Nowhere is a prose work which ____ describes a dream of the future classless society.

A. Morris B. Gissing C. Stevenson D. Wilde

22. William Langland‘s ____ is written in the form of a dream vision.

A. Kubla Khan B. Piers the Plowman C. The Dream of John Bull D. Morte d’Arthur

22. The theme of ____ to king and lord was repeatedly emphasized in romances.

A. loyalty B. revolt C. obedience D. mockery

23. Chaucer composes a long narrative poem named _____ based on Boccaccio‘s poem ―Filostrato‖.

A. The Legend of Good Women B. Troilus and Criseyde C. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight D. Beowulf

24. Among many poetic forms, Shakespeare was especially at home (good at) with the _______.

A. dramatic blank verse B. song C. sonnet D. couplet 25. ____ is the leading figure of Metaphysical poetry.

A. Henry Vaughan B. George Herbert C. Andre Marvell D. John Donne

26. Which of the following novels is not epistolary (written in letter form) novels?

A. Clarissa Harlowe B. Pamela C. Sir Charles Grandison D. Tomes Jones

27. The Romantic Age began in____ and came to an end in _____.

A. 17…1821 B. 1778…1823 C. 1798…1832 D. 1768…1819

28. In the 19th century English literature, a new literary trend ____ appeared. And it flourished in the forties and in the early fifties.

A. romanticism B. naturalism C. realism D. critical realism

29. ______‘s Vanity Fair is a satirical portrayal of the upper strata(阶层) of society.

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A. George Eliot B. Elizabeth Gaskell C. W. M. Thackeray D. John Buyan

30. The two cities in A Tale of Two Cities refer to ____.

A. London and New York B. London and Paris

C. Paris and New York D. Brussels and Washington 31. Henry James is the forerunner of the _____.

A. Imagism B. Chartism C. impressionism D. stream of consciousness 32. Katharine Mansfield is a master of ____ at the turn of the century.

A. short story writer B. dramatic poetry C. realistic novels D. humor 33. After writing _____, Hardy turned to poetry.

A. Under the Greenwood Tree B. The Return of the Native

C. Jude the Obscure D. The Mayor of Casterbridge 34. John Galsworthy won the Nobel Prize for Literature because of _____.

A. The End of the Chapter B. The Forsyte Saga C. A Modern Comedy D. The Island Pharisees

35. The Man of Property is taken from Galsworthy‘s trilogy, _____.

A. The End of the Chapter B. The Forsyte Saga C. A Modern Comedy D. The Island Pharisees 36. The Abbey Theatre performed works by _____ dramatists. A. Irish B. British C. American D. Scottish

37. Yeats‘s fame rests chiefly on his ______, using a lot of symbols in his poem.

A. novels B. poetry C. dramas D. prose

38. Piers the Plowman describes a series of wonderful dreams the author dreamed, through which, we can see a picture of the life in the ____ England. A. primitive B. feudal C. bourgeois D. modern 39. Chaucer died on October 25th, 1400, and was buried in ____.

A. Flanders B. France C. Italy D. Westminster Abbey 40. Utopia was written in the form of _____.

A. prose B. drama C. essay D. dialogue

判断题

1. A Tale of a Tub is mainly an attack on pedantry in the literary world of the time, in which the reader is told the story of the Bee and the Spider. F 2. Tobias Smollett gives a true picture of the evils in the British navy in the novel of Roderick Random, in which Random, like Smollett, is a Scot and a doctor. T

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3. The two most important of all Samuel Johnson‘s literary works are the preface and comments of individual plays in his edition of Shakespeare, and his Lives of Poets, which pass judgment on a century of English poetry. T

4. Classicism turned to the countryside for its material, so is in striking contrast to sentimentalism, which had confined itself to the clubs and drawing-rooms, and to the social and political life of London. F

6. In The School for Scandal, Sheridan contrasts two brothers, Joseph Surface and Charles Surface. T

7. “My Heart‘s in the Highlands”is one of the best known poems written by Robert Burns in which he pored his unshakable love for his homeland. T

8. Racial discrimination is expressed in Blake‘s ―The Little Black‖. T 9. Many of Goldsmith‘s poems were put to music. F

10. Pre-romanticism is ushered by Burns and Blake and represented by Percy, Macpherson and Chatterton. F

11. George Meredith‘s novels are masterpieces of satirical portrayal and psychological analysis. T

12. Joseph Conrad‘s novels have groups: jungle novels, sea novels and political novels. T

13. Henry James‘s fundamental theme was the innocence of the New World and the corruption of the Old. T

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14. The story of Tess is filled with a feeling of dismal foreboding and doom. T

15. Fateful circumstances and tragic coincidences abound in the book of Jude the Obscure. F

16. Lady Gregory, John Millington Synge and Sean O‘Casey were great Irish dramatists. T

17. The house in Shaw‘s Heartbreak House embodies bourgeois England. T

18. Shaw‘s Saint Joan is a historical play devoted to the great daughter of the English people, Joan of Arc, and her struggle for the liberty of her country. F

19. Alfred Edward Housman, a classical scholar of the highest order and professor of Latin at London University and Cambridge wrote poetry of crystal clarity. T

20. Many of the subjects of the poems in Lyrical Ballads deal with elements of nature. T

21. The poem of Samson Agonists was“to justify the ways of God to man‖ , i. e. advocate submission to the Almighty. F

22. John Banyan‘s masterpiece, The Pilgrim’s Progress, is an allegory, a narrative in which general concepts such as sins, despair, and faith are represented as people or as aspects of the natural world. T

23.The enlightenment was a progressive intellectual movement

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throughout Western Europe in l7th century. F

24. She Stoops to Conquer or The Mistakes of the Night is Goldsmith‘s best-known comedy. T

25. The first poem in The Lyrical Ballads is William Wordsworth‘s masterpiece The Rime of Ancient Mariner. F

26. In Don Juan George Gordon Byron displayed his genius as a romanticist and a realist simultaneously. T

27. The greatest English playwright of the 18th century was Goldsmith, whose best play is The School for Scandal. F

28. Coleridge wrote the majority of poems in Lyrical Ballads. F 30. Wordsworth‘s ―I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud‖ has another name, Growth of a Poet‘s Mind. F

31. The Prelude is a long and autobiographical poem considered as Coleridge‘s masterpiece. F

32. Hazlitt‘s life and career had been greatly influenced by the rise and fall of the French Revolution. T

33. Hazlitt became a master of novels in English Romantic literature. F 34. Some romantic writers stood on the side of the feudal forces and even combined themselves with those forces. T

35. Wordsworth and Coleridge are revolutionary Romantic poets. F 36. Byron and Shelley and Keats are known as the romantic poets of the second generation. T

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37. The romanticists paid great attention to the spiritual and emotional life of man. T

38. The poets of the second generation described the beautiful scenes and the country people of that area in their writings. F

39. Jane Austen is a writer who regards novel writing as a sophisticated art. T

40. The story of Shelley‘s Prometheus Unbound was taken from Roman mythology. F

41. John Milton towers over his age as Shakespeare towers over the Elizabethan Age, ands Chaucer towers over the medieval period. T 42. John Donne was the forerunner of the English classical school of literature in the l8th century. F

43. William Burns wrote two volumes of poems: The Songs of Experience and The Songs of Innocence. F

44. Samuel Johnson‘s comedies are examples of the brief revival of the English comedy in the 1770s. F

45. In Memoriam was written by Robert Browning for his friend Hallam. F

46. Lady Chartterley’s Lover is one of Thomas Stearns Eliot‘s novels. Women in Love is another one. F

47. The spirit of“Forsytism‖ is represented by Soames Forsyte---that is, the principle of making the accumulation of wealth the sole aim in life,

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and that of considering everything in terms of one‘s property. T

48. Dickens‘ The Pickwick Papers gives a rather comprehensive picture of early 19th century England. T

49. Mr. Pickwick and Sam Weller were two major characters in The Pickwick Papers which aroused the interests of the readers. T

50. In Oliver Twist, Dickens makes his readers aware of the inhumanity of country life under capitalism. F

51. The plot of Sketches by Boz is rather formless, but the novel fascinates the reader from beginning to end by its comical episodes. F

52. The title Bleak House is not only the name of a house but is also an apt (贴切的) description of the society of the time. T

53. Hard Times is a fierce attack on the bourgeois system of education and ethics(论理学，and on utilitarianism (功利主义). T

. Dombey and Son is a novel with imprisonment, both matter-o-fact or symbolic, as its central theme. F

55. A Tale of Two Cities takes the Industrial Revolution as the subject. F

56. The theme underlying A Tale of Two Cities is the idea ―Where there is oppression, there is revolution.‖ T

57．Pip is the major character in Dickens‘ novel Our Mutual Friend. F 58. The greatest epic produced by Milton, Paradise Lost, is written in blank verse. T

60. The Romantic Age came to an end in 1832 when the last romantic

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writer Jane Austen died. F

61. Robert Burns is remembered mainly for his songs written in the English dialect on a variety of subjects. F

62. In the first part of Robinson Crusoe, the hero is cast upon the shore of the is-land of Lilliput. F

63. Blake is the greatest poet Scotland has ever produced. His Poems Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect is of great significance in English literature. F

65. The form of dramatic monologue of telling a story“from the inside‖ , by a series of psychological soliloquies or“soul-pictures‖, was most suitable to Robert Browning‘s literary talent. T 66. Charlotte Bronte‘ s masterpiece is Adam Bede. F

67. Daniel Defoe‘s Robinson Crusoe was one of the forerunners of the English realistic novel. It creates the image of an enterprising Englishman, typical of the English bourgeoisie of the 18th century. T

作品分析及评论题

Passage 1

Away! away! for I will fly to thee,

Not charioted by Bacchus and his pards, But on the viewless wings of Poesy,

Though the dull brain perplexes and retards Already with thee! tender is the night,

And haply the Queen-Moon is on her throne, Cluster'd around by all her starry Fays; But here there is no light,

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Save what from heaven is with the breezes blown Through verdurous glooms and winding mossy ways.

I cannot see what flowers are at my feet,

Nor what soft incense hangs upon the boughs, But, in embalmed darkness, guess each sweet Wherewith the seasonable month endows The grass, the thicket, and the fruit-tree wild; White hawthorn, and the pastoral eglantine; Fast fading violets cover'd up in leaves; And mid-May's eldest child,

The coming musk-rose, full of dewy wine, The murmurous haunt of flies on summer eves. Questions:

1. Who is the writer of this poem?

2. These two stanzas are taken from a well-known ode. What is the title ot this poem? 3. ―Tender is the Night‖ has been taken and used as the title of a novel written by ? 4. Each stanza consists of ten lines of iambic verse and the rime scheme is . 5. All the lines in each stanza are in iambic pentameter, with the exception of the eighth line which has only feet. A. four B. three C. two

6. What does the poet express in this poem? 7. How do you appreciate this poem?

1. John Keats 2. Ode to a Nightingale 3. Fitsgerald 4. abab cdecde 5.B 6. This poem was inspired by the singing of a nightingale that had built its nest close to the house of a friend of the poet in Hampstead. Here Keats not only expresses his raptures upon hearing the beautiful songs of the nightingale and his desire to go to the ethereal world of beauty together with the bird, but also he shows his deep sympathy for and his keen understanding of human miseries in his society in which he lived. 7. John Keats‘ central symbol is the song of the nightingale. In the first stanza the poet is overcome by the song and almost loses himself, so powerful is its effect. In the second stanza he imagines a drink that might take him out of himself completely and carry him off into the nightingale‘s retreat. The third stanza turns back to the sadness of the world, in which youth dies (as had Keats‘s brother Tom a few month before the poem was written). The poet‘s attempted flight from that world takes another form in the fourth stanza-not a liquor, an external thing, but ―poesy,‖ is to free him. At this point the poem takes an unexpected turn, almost a somersault, for after proclaiming that the poet is ―Already with thee!‖ –as if he could at a leap join mortal hopes to an eternal being, ―a Queen Moon‖ –he falls back into a world of time and change, a world in which ―there is no light‖ (line 38).

The wood in which the poet finds himself in the fifth stanza is one in which flowers bloom and die and seasons come and go. There he is conscious of his morality

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and is drawn by the fantasy of dying to the nightingale‘s music. In the sixth stanza John Keats imagines a death, which is an ecstatic conclusion, but then acknowledges that if he were dead the song would go unheard.

2. Make a comment on George Bernard Shaw.

l) George Bernard Shaw is a critical realist writer. His dramatic works bitterly criticize and attack the English bourgeois society. He tears away the mask of capitalism and deeply exposes the social conflicts.

2) His plays deal with contemporary social problems. He portrays his situations frankly and honestly, intending to shock his audiences with a new view of society. He presents many of his characters as fools. He believes in the power of human reason---what he called the ―Life Force‖--- to cut through all pretense in the end. In their realism and wit, his plays are largely comedies of ideas in the French dramatist tradition of Moliere and mark a turning to realism and naturalism that is increasingly to dominate British drama.

3) George Bernard Shaw is a humorist. He manages to produce amusing and laughable situations. He delights in ridiculing, upsetting, scandalizing and astonishing his public. The humor of George Bernard Shaw always has a touch of satire --- a sharp social lash that he uses with superb skill for exposing and discrediting vice or folly of the age.

3. Make comments on the character of Hamlet.

Without knowledge of his character, Hamlet‘s story would hardly be

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intelligible. Hamlet is neither a frail and weak-minded youth nor a thought-sick bookworm. The play itself does not bear out such ideas. In the play, nobody thinks of him in that way. Though a scholar, he is at the same time fearless and impetuous in action.

l) Hamlet is a humanist, a man who is free from medieval prejudices and superstitions. He has an unbounded love for the world instead of the heaven. Like other humanists, he cherishes a profound reverence for man, and a firm belief in man‘s power and destiny:“What a piece of work is a man! How noble in reason…‖ Such a delight in nature and man is characteristic of the humanist of the Renaissance.

2) Starting from his humanist love of man. He turns to those around him with the same eagerness. He loves the good and hates the evil. He adores his father, loves Ophelia and greets his school-fellows with hearty welcome, while he is digusted with his uncle‘s drunkenness and shocked by his mother‘s shallowness. In his contact with the people around him, he cares for nothing but human worth and shows contempt for rank and wealth. A king and a beggar are all one to him. His democratic tendency is based on his humanist thought.

3) His intellectual genius is outstanding. He is a close observer of men and manners. He easily sees through people. His quick perception drives him to penetrate below the surface of things and question what others take for granted. So he is forever unmasking his world. His

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observation of his world is summed up into a bitter sentence:“Denmark is a prison‖.

From these we may know that Hamlet is not a mere scholar, and his nature is by no means simply meditative. On the contrary, Hamlet is a man of genius, highly accomplished and educated, a man of far-reaching perception and sparking wit. He is a scholar, soldier and statesman. His image reflects the versatility of the men of the Renaissance. 4.

My heart‘s in the Highlands, ‗my heart is not here; My heart ‗ s in the Highlands, a-chasing the deer; Chasing the wild deer, and following the roe--- My heart‘s in the Highlands wherever I go. Farewell to the Highlands, farewell to the North! The birthplace of valour, the country of worth; Wherever I wander, wherever I rove, The hills of the Highlands for ever I love. Farewell to the mountains high covered with snow! Farewell to the straths and green valleys below! Farewell to the forests and wild-hanging woods! Farewell to the torrents and loud-pouring floods!

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My heart‘s in the Highlands, my heart is not here; My heart‘s in the Highlands, a-chasing the deer; Chasing the wild deer, and following the roe--- My heart‘s in the Highlands wherever I go. Questions

l. Who is the writer of this poem? 2. What is the title of this poem? 3. What is the main theme of this poem? 4. What is the most striking feature of the verse?

5. What is the most obvious thetorical device used in the poem? 1. Robert Burns

2. My Heart‘s in the Highlands.

3. It is one of the best known poems of Robert Bums, in which he pours his un-shakable love for his homeland, that is the Highlands, the mountainous Northern area of Scotland. It shows the poet‘s pure patriotic feeling.

4. Robert Burns is such a genius in language that he has admirable faculty of expressing himself with alluring emotion in simple and musical verse. The poem characterized by its appealing musical quality. 5. Parallelism.

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5.

I wondered lonely as a cloud That floats on high o‘er vales and hills, When all at once I saw a crowd, A host, of golden daffodils ; Beside the lake, beneath the trees, Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.

Continuous as the stars that shine And twinkle on the milky way, They stretched in the never-ending line Along the margin of a bay : Ten thousand saw I at a glance, Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.

The waves beside them danced; but they Out-did the sparkling waves in glee: A poet could not but be gay, In such a jocund company: I gazed-and gazed-but little thought What wealth the show to me had brought:

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For oft, when on my couch I lie In vacant or in pensive mood, They flash upon that inward eye Which is the bliss of solitude; And then my heart with pleasure fills, And dances with the daffodils. l. Who wrote this poem? 2. What‘s the title of this poem?

3. What does the poem mainly write about?

4. This poem contains four six-lined stanzas of tetrameter. 5. The rime scheme in each stanza is . 6. What is ―the Milky Way‖? 1. William Wordsworth.

2. I Wandered Lonely‘ as a Cloud or The Daffodils.

3. This poem is about the beauty of nature. There is vivid picture of the daffodils here, mixed with the poet‘s philosophical and somewhat mystical thoughts. 4. iambic 5. ababcc

6. The Milky Way is a broad belt of faint light, consisting of countless stars to faint to be seen separately and shining like a river across the sky at night. Here in this poem the long belt of daffodils are just like the

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Milky Way. 6.

It rasped her, though, to have stirring about in her this brutal monster! To hear twigs cracking and feel hooves planted down in the depths of that leaf encumbered forest, the soul; never to be content quite, or quite secure, for at any moment the brute would be stirring, this hatred, which, especially since her illness, had power to make her feel scraped, hurt in her spine; gave her physical pain, and made all pleasure in beauty, in friendship, in being well, in being loved and making her home delightful rock, quiver, and bend as if indeed there were a monster grubbing at the roots, as if the whole panoply of content were nothing but self love !This hatred!

Nonsense, nonsense! She cried to herself pushing through the swing doors of Mulberry‘s the florists.

She advanced, light, tall, very upright, to be greeted at once by button-faced Miss Pym, whose hands were always bright red, as if they had been stood in coldwater with the flowers.

l. What is the title of this novel? 2. Who is its author?

3. The method of was employed by the author to draw a vivid

sketch-of-her chief character. 4. What is the theme of this work? 1. Mrs. Dalloway 2. Virginia Woolf

3.“stream-of-consciousness”

4. This novel records only the events of A single day when Mrs. Dalloway was giving an evening party at her home in Westminster. The whole book is a reflection of the process of the mind, a moving mirror of consciousness, where in is shown the author‘s mastery of her medium.

7.

“There is a letter for you, Ms. Linton,‖ I said, gently inserting it in one hand that rested on her knee. ―You must read it immediately, because it wants an answer. Shall I break the seal?‖ ―Yes,‖ she answered, without altering the direction of her eyes.

I opened it --- it was very short. ―Now,‖ I continued, ―read it.‖ She drew away her hand, and let it fall. I replaced it in her lap, and stood waiting till it should please her to glance down; but that movement was so long delayed that at last resumed: “Must I read it, ma‘ am? It is from Mr. Heathcliff.‖

There was a star and a troubled gleam of recollection, and a struggle to arrange her ideas. She lifted the letter, and seemed to peruse it; and when she came to the signature she sighed; yet still I found she had not gathered its import, for, upon my desiring to hear her reply, she merely pointed to the name, and gazed at me with mournful and questioning eagerness.

“Well, he wished to see you, ‖ said I, guessing her need of an interpreter. ―He‘s in the garden by this time, and impatient to know what answer I shall bring.‖

As I spoke, I observed a large dog dying on the sunny grass beneath raise its ears as if about to bark, and then smoothing them back, announce, by a way of the tail, that some one approached whom it did not consider a strange. Mrs. Linton bent forward, and listened breathlessly. The minute after a step traversed the hall; the open house was too tempting for Heathcliff to resist walking in; most likely he supposed that I was inclined to shirk my promise, and so resolved to trust to his own audacity. With

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straining eagerness Catherine gazed towards the entrance of her chamber. He did not hit the right room directly, she motioned me to admit him, but he found it out ere I could reach the door, and in a stride or two was at her side, and had her grasped in his arms.

He neither spoke nor loosed his hold for some five minutes, during which period he bestowed more kisses than ever he gave in his life before, I dare say: but then my mistress had kissed him first, and I plainly saw that he could hardly bear, for down-right agony, to look into her face! The same conviction had stricken him as me, from the instant he beheld her, that there was no prospect of ultimate recovery there; she was fated, and sure to die.

l. The passage is taken from a novel entitled 2. Who is its author?

3. Who is the ―I‖ in the first line?

4. What is the relationship between Mr. Heathcliff and Mrs. Linton? 5. What does this passage describe? 6. What‘s special in the narration of the story? 1. Wuthering Heights 2. Emily Bronte

3. Nelly Dean, the housekeeper 4. They are lovers from their childhood

5. It describes the pathetic scene of the final meeting between Heathcliff and Catherine just before the latter‘s death.

6. The narration of the story is unconventional. Different from the first person singular or the third person omniscient, the story is told chiefly by two characters in the story, Mr. Lockwood , one of the tenants of Heathcliff, and Nelly Dean, a housekeeper in the service of Catherine, in addition to some supplementary aids, like Catherine‘s diary. The unusual way of narration adds much to the truthfulness of the story and the complexity of its plot.

8

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―What now?‖ said Catherine, leaning back, and returning his look with a suddenly clouded brow-her humor was a mere vane for constantly varying caprices. \"You and Edgar have broken my heart, Heathcliff! And you both come to bewail the deed to me, as if you were the people to be pitied! I shall not pity you, not I. You have killed me-thriven on it, I think. How strong you are! How many years do you mean to live after I am gone?\"

Heathcliff had knelt on one knee to embrace her; he attempted to rise, but she seized his hair, and kept him down.

\"I wish I could hold you,\" she continued, bitterly,\" till we were both dead! I shouldn't care what you suffered. I care nothing for your sufferings. Why shouldn't you suffer? I do! Will you forget me-will you be happy when I am in the earth? Will you say twenty years hence, 'That's the grave of Catherine Earnshaw. I loved her long ago, and was wretched to lose her; but it is past. I've loved many others since---my children are dearer to me than she was, and, at death, I shall not rejoice that I am going to her, I shall be sorry that I must leave them!' Will you say so, Heathcliff?\"

\"Don't torture me' till I'm as mad as yourself,\" cried he, wrenching his head free, and grinding his teeth.

Questions:

1. Where is the passage taken from(the writer and the title)? 2. Analyze the character of Heathcliff briefly. 3. What is the theme of the story?

1. It is taken from Emily Bronte's masterpiece, Wuthering Heights.

2. (1). Heathcliff is a sympathetic figure. Readers sympathize with this unfortunate, lonely waif when he is maltreated by Hindley, jeered at by the Lintons, betrayed by Catherine, and tormented by the unobtainable love.

(2) He is entirely wicked, even, at times, a criminal. Readers are abhorred by his mad, heartless and almost inhuman revenge on all those around, whether responsible or not for his suffering. In him, there is a most terrible picture of love scorned turning into desperate hatred and revenge that is destructive to both the avenger and the revenged.

3. (1) One way of reading is to treat it as a romantic story, as a tale of love and revenge. As such, it is superb. Every character in the novel is in one way or another connected with the triangular love between Heathcliff and Catherine and Edgar. Such love affair will usually end in tragedy. And yet, it is a most terrible yet wonderful tale of love with the mutual possession and torment, with the mutual belonging in life and in death.

(2) From the social point of view, the story is a tragedy of Social inequality.

Heathcliff, a waif, of the lowest order in society, is eager for love and friendship, but is forever looked down upon and rejected by the two families. He loves Catherine dearly but he can't have her just because of the disparity between their social status. (3) At some deeper level, however, the story is more than a mere copy of real life. To many people it is an illustration of the workings of the universe, a book about the cosmic harmony of the universe and the destruction and re-establishment of this

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harmony. Finally the harmony is reestablished when Heathcliff unites with Catherine in death and the ghosts of both stay to occupy Wuthering Heights, leaving young Cathy and Hareton to start their young, hopeful life at Thrushcross Grange.

9

Break, Break, Break, Break, break, break On thy cold grey stones, O Sea!

And I would that my tongue could utter The thoughts that arise in me. O well for the fisherman's boy, That he shouts with his sister at play! O well for the sailor lad,

That he sings in his boat on the bay! And the stately ships go on To their haven under the hill;

But O for the touch of a vanished hand, And the sound of a voice that is still! Break, break, break,

At the foot of thy crags, O Sea!

But the tender grace of a day that is dead Will never come back to me. Questions:

1. Who is the author what is the title of the poem? 2. Why did the author write this poem?

3. What effect has been achieved by the variation of the stress? 4. Please analyze the stress of each line and that of the stanza.

1. The poem is written by Alfred Tennyson.

2. It was written in memory of A. H. Hallam, Tennyson's closest friend and the fiancé of his sister. Hallam died suddenly of a stroke in Vienna at the age of twenty-two. The sudden death of his friend plunged Tennyson into great sorrow, which found the expression in this exquisite little poem.

3. Tennyson's love for Hallam and his grief at his death were expressed passionately. In this poem, the line that introduces the variation, \"But O for the touch of a vanished hand\The line varies; it expands, because it suddenly has an extra freight of emotion.

4. The first line seems to be the given, the starting point for the creation of the form. Three bleak repeated words, three stresses. In classical metrics there is such a foot. It

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is called a colossus. The second line seems to have four stresses, although it can be read as a three-stress line (\" On thy cold gray stones, O Sea\"). The form of the first stanza is a three-stress-per-line stanza of four lines, a quatrain in which the second and fourth lines rhyme. And this is certainly the form of the second stanza, which comes across as a much more regular piece of versification than the first. In the third stanza, the third line, a fourth stress is added to the pattern. And the variation is repeated in the last stanza, putting an extra stress into the third line. 10 Let us go then, you and I,

When the evening is spread out against the sky Like a patient etherized upon a table j

Let us go, through certain half-deserted streets, The muttering retreats

Of restless nights in one-night cheap hotels And sawdust restaurants with oyster-shells:

Streets that follow like a tedious argument Of insidious intent

To lead you to an overwhelming question ... Oh, do not ask, \"What is it?\"

Let us go and make our visit.

In the room the women come and go Talking of Michelangelo.

The yellow fog that rubs its back upon the window-panes, The yellow smoke that rubs its muzzle on the window-panes licked its tongue into the comers of the evening, lingered upon the pools that stand in drains,

Let fall upon its back the soot that falls from chimneys, Slipped by the terrace, made a sudden leap, And seeing that it was a soft October night, Curled once about the house, and fell asleep.

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And indeed there will be time

For the yellow smoke that slides along the street, Rubbing its back upon the window panes; There will be time, there will be time

To prepare a face to meet the faces that you meet There will be time to murder and create,

And time for all the works and days of hands That lift and drop a question on your plate; Time for you and time for me,

And time yet for a hundred indecisions, And for a hundred visions and revisions, Before the taking of a toast and tea.

In the room the women come and go Talking of Michelangelo. Questions:

1. Identify the author and the title of the poem. 2. Who do \"I\" and \"you\" of the poem refer to?

3. What figure of speech is used in \"When the evening is spread out against the sky like a patient etherized upon a table\"? And briefly discuss it the author employs in presenting the theme.

4. What do the images of \"the yellow fog\" and \"yellow smoke\" symbolize? 5. Write down the characteristics of the protagonist in the poem. 6. What are thematic and structural features of this poem? 7. What literary techniques did the poet use in this poem?

1. T. S. Eliot. ―The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock‖.

2. Literarily the \"I\" and \"you\" of this poem are not two persons bu~ mther two aspects of the same person-the public personality and the ego.

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3. Simile. The evening is compared to a patient who is etherized. The image of the evening is in fact the projection of Prufrock's mind. It suggests Prufrock's submissiveness and benumbedness.

4. The color of yellow represents weakness and morbidity. The images of \"fog\" and \"smoke\" are characterized by passiveness and listlessness which are typical of Prufrock's existence. The yellow fog and smoke may be also considered as Prufrock's unconscious disguise for both of them are found in possession of uneasiness and morbidity.

5. Prufrock, the protagonist of the poem, is neurotic, illogical and incapable of action. He is a kind of tragic figure caught in a sense of defeated idealism and tortured by unsatisfied desires.

6. Thematically, this poem is about the importance and futility of a modern everyman and his existence. Structurally, the poem seems to be fonnless; yet that does not necessarily mean that the poem is a meaningless piling up of fragments or images; on the contrary, the poem is strictly coherent in tenns of its thematic meaning.

7. This poem is a typical example of modernist poetry. It is noted for its irony and the allusion and the juxtaposition, which add to the depth of irony. The very title of the poem can serve as a good example. First, a love song, as we know, should be full of warm emotions, but what we found in the poem is just the country. Litemture is the art of language, and the words \"half-deserted, muttering, restless, sawdust, tedious, insidious and etc.\" in this poem make its reader uncomfortable and even disgusting. Second, the very name of the protagonist is also ironical. It is a combination of two contradictory words \"prude and frock\". Third, the juxtaposition of Alfred the conflicting images, a great emperor in the British history and Profrock, a trivial person of modern time also adds to its ironical effect.

11

MRS WARREN : (piteously) Oh, my darling, how can you be so hard on me? Have I no rights over you as your mother?

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VIVIE: Are you my mother?

MRS WARREN: (appalled) Am I your mother! Oh, Vivie!

VIVIE: Then where are our relatives? my father? our family friends? You claim the rights of a mother: the right to call me fool and child; to speak to me as no woman in authority over me at college dare speak to me; to dictate my way of life; and to force on me the acquaintance of a brute whom anyone can see to be the most vicious sort of London man about town. Before I give myself the trouble to resist such claims, I may as well find out whether they have any real existence.

MRS WARREN: (distracted, throwing herself on her knees) Oh no, no. Stop, stop. I am your mother: I swear it. Oh, you can't mean to turn on me-¬my own child! it's not natural. You believe me, don't you? Say you believe me.

VIVIE: Who was my father?

MRS WARREN: You don't know what you're asking. I can't tell you. VIVIE: (determinedly) Oh yes you can, if you like. I have a right to know; and you know very well that I have that• right . You can refuse to tell me, if you please, but if you do, will see the last of me tomorrow morning.

MRS WARREN: Oh, it's too horrible to hear you talk like that. You wouldn't-you couldn't leave me.

VIVIE: (ruthlessly) Yes, without a moment's hesitation, if you trifle with me about this. (Shivering with disgust) How can I feel sure that I may not have the contaminated blood of that brutal waster in my veins?

MRS WARREN: No, no. On my oath it's not he, nor any of the rest that you have ever met. I'm certain of that, at least.

Vivie's eyes fasten sternly on her mother as the significance of this flashes on her. Questions:

1. Identify the author and the title of the play.

2. Do you know what Mrs. Warren's profession is? 1‘

3. The sentence ―Are you my mother?‖ is said to her mother by Vivie, which is very inappropriate and therefore unlikely in a congenial conversation between daughter and mother. Why does Vivie say to her mother in this way? 4. What kind of person Vivie is? 5. What is the theme of this work? 12

1. George Bernard Shaw, Mrs. Warren's Profession.

2. Vivie suspects her mother's profession and she is determined to know the answer. She seems to have guessed the answer, thus she feels shameful and angry for the harsh reality.

3. She runs a business of prostitution for profit.

4. Vivie is a kind of new woman, intelligent and well educated, with a strong sense of justice and a passion for \"honest\" work. In the play, Vivie discovers her mother's profession, which leads to a sharp conflict between Mother and Daughter. To Vivie,

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Mrs. Warren's choice of profession is understandable, yet not excusable. Finally, Vivie breaks off with her mother and starts to make her own living by rmding an \"honest\" job in London, which shows Vivie's search for a meaningful life and woman's independence in the man's world.

5. The play deals with Mrs. Warren's running prostitution as big business in the bourgeois society, which criticizes the evils of the \"civilized\" capitalist world tartly. The play is not only moral, but has a strong realistic theme of reforming the evil and corrupt capitalist society by exposing its vices, educating the people, and improving the living standard of the lower classes.

13

Long before Ralph and Piggy came up with Jack's lot, they could hear the party. There was a stretch of grass in a place where the palms left a wide band of turn between the forest and the shore. Just one step down from the edge of the turn was the white, blown sand of above high water, wane, dry, trodden. Below that again was a rock that stretched away towards the lagoon. Beyond was a short stretch of sand and then the edge of the water. A fire burned on the rock and fat dripped from the roasting pig-meat into the invisible flames. All the boys of the island, except Piggy, Ralph, Simon, and the two tending the pig, were grouped on the turn. They were laughing, singing, lying, squatting, or standing on the grass, holding food in their hands. But to judge by the greasy faces, the meat-eating was almost done; and some held coco-nut shells in their hands and were drinking from them. Before the party had started a great log had been dragged into the centre of the lawn and Jack, painted and garlanded, there like an idol. There were piles of meat on green leaves near him, fruit, and coco-nut shells full of drink. Questions:

1. Which work is the excerpt quoted from? 2. Who is the author of the work?

3. Analyze the characters of Ralph and Piggy in the work.. 1. It is quoted from Lord of the Flies. 2. It is written by William Golding.

3. (1) Ralph is twelve years old with blond hair, and is the most charismatic

of the all the boys on the island. He is described as being built \"like a boxer,\" and is initially chosen as the leader due to his many positive qualities. He maintains a conflict with Jack throughout the entire novel, attempting to keep order whereas Jack is not concerned with it. Ralph and Piggy together represent the struggle •for order and

democracy.

(2) Piggy is a short and overweight boy who wears glasses and represents order and democmcy. He is afflicted with asthma and does not care to do strenuous work on the island. He tries very hard to cling to civilization and tries his best to keep peace. While probably the smartest boy on the island, he lacks any social skills whatsoever, and has trouble communicating or fitting in with the others. His glasses are a very

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important part of the book, as they are used over and over to start fires. Piggy's constant polishing of them shows his desire for clear-sightedness and civilization. 8‘

14 I will arise and go now, and go to Innisfree,

And a small cabin build there, of clay and wattles made:

Nine bean-rows will I have there, a hive for the honey-bee, And live alone in the bee-loud glade.

And I shall have some peace there, for peace comes dropping slow, Dropping from the veils of the mourning to where the cricket sings; There midnight's all a glimmer, and noon a purple glow,

And evening full of the linnet's wings.

I will arise and go now, for always night and day

I hear lake water lapping with low sounds by the shore; While I stand on the roadway, or on the pavements gray, I hear it in the deep heart's core. Questions:

1. Identify the author and the title of the poem. 4‘ 2. Why does the poet want to \"arise and go\"? 4‘ 3. Analyze the structure of this poem briefly. 2‘ 4. What are stylistic features of this poem? 3‘ 5. What is the theme of this poem? 5‘

1. William Butler Yeats's \"The Lake Isle Of Innisfree\" .

2. \"While I stand on the roadway, or on the pavements gray\dwelling, the poet finds that he doesn't feel good in uman surroundings and is tired of the life of his day, and he hears in his heart \"lake water lapping with low sounds by the shoreo \"arise and go\" to escape into an ideal \"fairyland\" where he could live calmly as a hermit and enjoy the beauty of the nature.

3. The poem consists of three quatrains of iambic pentameter, with each stanza rhymed abab. 4. The poem is closely woven, easy, subtle and musical. The clarity and control of the imagery give the poem a hunting quality.

5. The poem is one of the poet's best-known lyrics and a popular representative of the poems which get meaning by contrasting ideas or images like human and fairy, natural and artificial, domestic and wild, and ephemeral and pennanent. Tired of the life of his day, the poet sought to escape into an ideal \"fairyland\" where he could live calmly as a hermit and enjoy the beauty of the nature. From his viewpoint, the best remedy for the blankness of his life seems to be a return to simple and serene life of the past.

15

Make a brief comment on Sons and Lovers.

Sons and Lovers is a semi-autobiographical novel written by David Herbert Lawrence. It is based on Lawrence‘s early life in the Midland coal-mining village coal miner‘s family with the third child Paul as the central character. It is the first novel in the history of English literature that has a truly working class background. Paul‘s father, Mr. Morel, is a miner who is driven to drunkenness by the bad working conditions. Paul‘s mother, Mrs. Morel, is a sensitive and high-minded smashed by the surroundings of poverty, heavy labour, illteracy and her husband‘s habit of heavy drinking. So she devotes her entire love to her four children, especially for her two eldest sons William and Paul. After William dies of pneumonia, Mrs. Morel turns her whole attention to Paul. Meanwhile Paul also devotes his emotion to his mother. When Paul is on intimate terms to Miriam, Mrs. Morel is filled with resentment and jealousy lest Miriam should possess Paul‘s Miriam‘s pure spiritual love, Paul‘s heart, there is always a conflict between the two kinds of love—the love for Miriam and the love for his mother. Tired of Miriam‘s pure spiritual love, Paul turns to Clara, a woman worker who has separated from her husband. Again Paul is dropped into a difficult position of dissensions and contradictions since pure physical warmth cannot bring about long-term happiness for him. He soon gets tired of Clara and later she returns to her husband. Mrs. Morel‘s death is a sort of release to Paul. But still he refuses to marry Miriam, because he thought marriage is somewhat a bondage. The novel ends with Paul‘s drifting away on the sea of life.

The novel certainly reflects the problems of Lawrence‘s young age. It is taken as a typical example and lively manifestation of Oedipus complex in fiction, as the result of Lawrence‘s long-range study of psychoanalytic theories of Sigmund Freud. But the theme of the novel is usually said to concern the effect of maternal love on the development of a son. The didactic elements in the novel and the looseness in structure are often criticized by some critics.

搭配题

1. Emily Dickinson a. Adam Bede 2. Jane Austen b. Mary Barton

3. George Eliot c. Sense and Sensibility

4. Elizabeth Gaskell d. Poems of Emily Dickinson 5. Elizabeth Barrent Browning e. The Waves

6. Harriet Beecher Stowe f. Gone with the Wind 7. Emily Bronte g. Wuthering Heights 8. Charlotte Bronte h. Uncle Tom’s Cabin 9. Margaret Mitchell i. Jane Eyre

10. Virginia Woolf j. Sonnets from the Portuguese

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14. 1-d 2-c 3-a 4-b 5-j 6-h 7-g 8-i 9-f 10-e 16

1. Percy Bysshe Shelley a. a Scottish peasant poet 2. Ben Johnson b. a Metaphysical poet 3. Samuel Taylor Coleridge c. a Lake poet 4. Sir John Suckling d. a poet Laureate 5. John Donne e. an Imagist poet

6. Emily Dickinson f. an active Romantic poet 7. Elizabeth Barret Browning g. an American woman poet 8. Ezra Pound h. an English woman poet 9. Edward Young i. a sentimental poet 10. Robert Burns j. a Cavalier poet

1-f 2-d 3-c 4-j 5-b 6-g 7-h 8-e 9-i 10-a 11

1. Herbert George Wells a. Of Human Bondage 2. James Joyce b. Lady Chatterley‘s Lover 3. Virginia Woolf c. The Good Companions 4. David Herbert Lawrence d. The Stars Look Down 5. William Somerset Maugham e. To the Lighthouse 6. John Boynton Priestley f. Swan Song

7. Archibald Joseph Cronin g. The Return of the Native 8. John Galsworthy h. News From Nowhere 9. William Morris i. The War in the Air

10. Thomas Hardy j. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man 1-i 2-j 3-e 4-b 5-a 6-c 7-d 8-f 9-h 10-g

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