GRE(VERBAL)模拟试卷37(题后含答案及解析)

GRE（VERBAL）模拟试卷37 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. PART ONE 2. PART TWO

PART ONE （Time：30 minutes 38 Questions）

SECTION 1Directions: Each sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five lettered or sets of words. Choose the word or set of words for each blank that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole.

1． You may wonder how the expert on fossil remains is able to trace descent through teeth, which seem ______ pegs upon which to hang whole ancestries.

A．novel B．reliable C．specious

D．inadequateE．academic

正确答案：D

2． An essential purpose of the criminal justice system is to enable purgation to take place; that is, to provide a ______ by which a community expresses its collective ______ the transgression of the criminal.

A．catharsis...outrage at

B．disclaimer...forgiveness of C．means...empathy with

D．procedure...distaste forE．document...disapprobation of

正确答案：A 3． When facts are ______ and data hard to come by, even scientists occasionally throw aside the professional pretense of ______ and tear into each other with shameless appeals to authority and arguments that are unabashedly ad hominem.

A．elusive...objectivity B．established...courtesy C．demonstrable...neutrality

D．ineluctable...cooperationE．hypothetical...scholarship

正确答案：A 4． In the tradition of scholarly ______, the poet and scholar A.E. Housman once assailed a German rival for relying on manuscripts “as a drunkard relies on lampposts, for ______ rather than illumination.”

A．animosity...current B．discourse...stability C．erudition...shadow

D．invective...supportE．competition...assistance

正确答案：D

SECTION 2Directions: In each of the following questions, a related pair of words or phrases is followed by five lettered pairs of words or phrases. Select the lettered pair that best expresses a relationship similar to that expressed in the original pair.

5． CULPABLE : GUILTY :: A．marginal : necessary B．sociable : ambivalent C．venerable : esteemed

D．factual : suspectE．reasonable : superlative

正确答案：C

6． PILGRIMAGE : ZEALOT :: A．chef : recipe B．journey : path C．sleet : hail

D．genesis : citizenE．expedition : pioneer

正确答案：E

7． UTILITARIAN : QUIXOTIC :: A．disconcerting : unsettling B．ephemeral : fleeting C．malevolent : kind

D．loquacious : talkativeE．obdurate : stubborn

正确答案：C

8． FIRE : WOOD :: A．motor : boat B．sunlight : forest C．oil : water

D．gears : bicycleE．automobile : gasoline

正确答案：E

9． OBLIQUE : INDIRECT :: A．par : standard B．inherent : direct C．resonant : equitable

D．justified : logicalE．circular : animated

正确答案：A

SECTION 3Directions: Each passage in this group is followed by questions based on its content. After reading a passage, choose the best answer to each question. Answer all questions following a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage.

The polar lights known as auroras are produced when charged subatomicLine particles, such as protons and electrons flowing from the sun through Earth’s magnetosphere, collide with atoms and molecules in Earth’s upper atmosphere. For reasons not entirely understood, magnetic storms, called substorms,(5) occasionally occur where the flow of particles greatly increases and the interplanetary magnetic field becomes much stronger. These substorms are frequently visible on the Earth because they increase the intensity of the polar

lights.Recently, five identical probes were blasted into orbit in a $200 million US project known as the THEMIS mission. Scientists hope the probes will be able to(10) investigate a number of mysteries about the nature of the substorm instabilities, including when and where substorms begin, how the individual components of

the substorm interact, and how substorms power the auroras. The mission’s secondary objectives involve understanding and predicting variations in the flux of electrons in Earth’s outer radiation belt. These electrons pose a hazard to the(15)

safety of both astronauts and spacecraft. Understanding substorm instabilities would thus improve success rates of future space missions.

10． The main purpose of the passage is to

A．explain why it is important to invest in space research

B．explain how magnetic substorms interfere with satellite communications C．define magnetic substorms and identify a recent scientific experiment to study them

D．compare two alternative approaches to the study of magnetic substormsE．demonstrate that unmanned probes are the best way to conduct research in space

正确答案：C 11． According to the passage, all of the following are objectives of the THEMIS mission EXCEPT:

A．predicting variations in the flux of electrons in Earth’s outer radiation belt B．understanding how individual components of the substorm interact C．guaranteeing the success rates of future space missions

D．investigating when and where substorms beginE．understanding how substorms power the auroras

正确答案：C

12． PROPAGATE : MULTIPLY :: A．dilate : decrease B．discern : include C．expect : shift

D．precipitate : happenE．deride : excel

正确答案：D

13． People traveled hundreds of miles to be in the presence of the ______ and listen to his ______ words.

A．scholar.. ludicrous B．dissident.. calming C．extrovert.. fabricated

D．miscreant.. joyousE．sage.. astute

正确答案：E

Despite the ubiquity of computer technology, most people are unaware thatLine computers exist in two mutually exclusive, distinct categories: analog and digital. We are most familiar with digital computers, such as laptops. On the one hand, digital computers process information using a binary number system that allows(5) them to calculate numbers in an accurate and exact manner. Analog computers, on the other hand, do not calculate per se; they measure and respond to a continuously changing input. Simple analog computers, called astrolabes, were first developed by the Greeks to solve problems in astronomy. The devices proved very popular and(10) soon spread throughout the Roman world. By the 10th century, Muslim scholars had developed the astrolabe into a sophisticated mechanical device capable of calculating solutions to problems not only in astronomy, but also in astrology, navigation, surveying, and timekeeping.Modern scientific opinion was that the ancient Greeks had been(15)

technologically unable to produce a similarly sophisticated computer, until a discovery was made just over a century ago. In 1900, divers discovered the wreck of a merchant ship, possibly dating back to 150 BCE, off the coast of the Greek island Antikythera. In the wreckage, they found the remains of a complex device apparently a thousand years ahead of its time.(20) Made of metal, this device, known as the Antikythera mechanism, is approximately the size of a shoebox.

At the time of its discovery, it was in terrible shape, having been underwater for so long. Its pieces had merged into a broken mass and experts could discern only that it had something to do with astronomy. Thanks to a combination of advanced imaging methods and X-ray computer(25) tomography, however, scientists have since discovered much more.Originally, the mechanism had at least 30 bronze gears with as many as 225 hand-cut triangular teeth. It had three main dials, one on the front and two on the back, respectively marking the astronomical divisions of the Egyptian calendar, the Metonic cycle, and the Saros cycle. Each dial had subdials for greater(30) specificity. For example, the front dial contained a smaller dial that could be adjusted to account for leap years. There were also hands and gearing to account for the movements of the

planets.While the workings of the device are now fairly well understood, researchers are still puzzled by the reason it was made. Some postulate that it, like later(35)

astrolabes, was used to create astrological charts, or to set feast days, or even to adjust the lunar and solar calendars. Others have thought it was a curiosity made solely for display. The device’s relatively small size and the inclusion of a 3,000 character “user’s manual” suggest that the mechanism was created to be portable and functional, but scientists are no closer to knowing for sure and can only(40) wonder at the purpose of its superb design.

14． Which of the following would weaken the author’s argument that the Antikythera mechanism was a thousand years ahead of its time?

A．Items discovered on the Antikythera shipwreck were found to date back to 500 BCE.

B．Similarly complex astrolabes were recently found at a series of archeological sites dating between 100 and 500 CE.

C．Complex machines involving pulleys and ropes were found at archeological sites on the Greek island of Antikythera.

D．At the time of the Antikythera shipwreck, the island of Rhodes was famous for its collection of scientific devices.E．Ancient Romans were famous for their acquisitions of Greek art and architecture.

正确答案：B

15． The author mentions that the front dial of the Antikythera mechanism contained a smaller, adjustable dial (line 30) most probably in order to

A．illustrate the complexity of the mechanism B．describe exactly how the mechanism worked

C．emphasize the importance of leap years in the study of astronomy

D．argue that the mechanism was used only for very specific tasksE．allow readers to imagine what the device looked like

正确答案：A

16． The passage’s statement that, by the 10th century, Muslim scholars had developed the astrolabe into a sophisticated mechanical device would justify which of the following conclusions?

A．Muslim scholars were unaware of other scientific measuring devices.

B．Muslim scholars developed a kind of technology that had never been known before.

C．There was no need for sophisticated mechanical devices such as the astrolabe before the 10th century.

D．The astrolabe’s sophistication allowed for more exploration of the physical world.E．Muslim scholars had a need to solve complex problems in astronomy, navigation, surveying, and timekeeping.

正确答案：E

17． The passage supplies information for answering which of the following questions?

A．Where was the mechanism made?

B．What was the primary purpose of the Antikythera mechanism?

C．How did ancient scientists know how to use the Antikythera mechanism? D．Precisely how many gears did the mechanism have?E．What is the purpose of computer tomography?

正确答案：C

Modern science fiction movies are often known for their breathtaking specialLine effects. These effects can show us a glimpse of the future, and frequently have tremendous dramatic force. Sometimes, however, special effects can leave the science behind to focus only on the fiction. One of the worst offenders is a film’s(5) depiction of explosions in outer space. On the Earth, explosions occur in some form of matter, usually air or water. The change in energy level in the matter creates the energy differential known as a shock

wave. The wave is what creates the characteristic “boom” of an explosion. Since there is very little matter in outer space, the energy transfer never takes(10) place. Consequently, there is no sound. Further, because air and water are not perfect conduits for energy, they measurably slow the travel of the explosive force. This allows the explosion to unfold in relatively slow motion, which renders it visible to the eye. In space, there is nothing to slow the energy, which would disperse almost immediately. The effect for an observer would be a bright(15)

flash, gone almost as soon as it appeared, and nothing like the great billowing space clouds shown in the movies, suggesting that reality is insufficiently dramatic for cinematic representation.

18． The author’s argument is developed primarily by the use of

A．an attack on the misuse of scientific discoveries by modern film directors B．a critique of technical developments in science fiction movie special effects C．an example of how science fiction directors distort science to increase dramatic effect

D．an analogy between science fiction movie special effect and science education in schoolsE．a warning against an overreliance on films to teach science to youngsters

正确答案：C 19． According to the passage, which of the following is true about explosions in space? I. A lack of matter in space allows the energy from an explosion to travel very quickly. II. An explosion in space would be visible as a flash of bright light. III. Shock waves created by an explosion in space would cause an audible “boom.”

A．I only B．II only

C．I and II only

D．II and HI onlyE．I, II, and III

正确答案：C

20． Chris’s interest in his action-figure collection began to ______ as he completed elementary school and became a preteen; he was growing up.

A．improve B．dilate C．exist

D．waneE．thrive

正确答案：D

21． OBTUSE: A．substantial B．trivial C．immense

D．perceptiveE．dense

正确答案：D

22． QUOTIDIAN: A．circadian B．sporadic C．stark

D．adverseE．exotic

正确答案：B

23． INUNDATE : OVERWHELM :: A．lambaste : beat B．extricate : tangle C．extol : criticize

D．redo : expungeE．fathom : declare

正确答案：A

SECTION 4Directions: Each question below consists of a word printed in capital letters followed by five lettered words or phrases. Choose the lettered word or phrase that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the word in capital letters. Since some of the questions require you to distinguish fine shades of meaning, be sure to consider all the choices before deciding which one is best.

24． PANDEMONIUM: A．amusement B．indolence C．deceleration

D．tranquillityE．tolerance

正确答案：D

25． ENERVATE: A．aggravate B．stimulate C．edify

D．applaudE．disregard

正确答案：B

26． NEBULOUS: A．hypothetical B．querulous C．lamentable

D．piquantE．distinct

正确答案：E

27． DECORUM: A．lucidity B．flexibility C．impropriety

D．duplicityE．severity

正确答案：C

28． DENIGRATE: A．emancipate B．examine C．desecrate

D．mollifyE．extol

正确答案：E

PART TWO （Time：30 minutes 38 Questions）

SECTION 1Directions: Each sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five lettered or sets of words. Choose the word or set of words for each blank that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole.

29． While the disease is in state it is almost impossible to determine its existence by

A．a dormant...postulate B．a critical...examination C．an acute...analysis

D．a suspended...estimateE．a latent...observation

正确答案：E

30． Virginia Woolf conventional notions of truth: in her words, one cannot receive from any lecture “a nugget of pure truth” to wrap up between the pages of one’s notebook and keep on the mantelpiece forever.

A．anticipates B．articulates C．neglects

D．mocksE．rationalizes

正确答案：D

SECTION 4Directions: Each question below consists of a word printed in capital letters followed by five lettered words or phrases. Choose the lettered word or phrase that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the word in capital letters. Since some of the questions require you to distinguish fine shades of meaning, be sure to consider all the choices before deciding which one is best.

31． DESTITUTION: A．civilization B．recompense C．affluence

D．reformationE．parsimony

正确答案：C

32． COGNIZANCE: A．ignobility B．disbelief C．impotence

D．illegalityE．unawareness

正确答案：E

33． PRECIPITATE: A．intricate B．devious C．posthumous

D．dilatoryE．contradictory

正确答案：D

34． TORTUOUS: A．merciful B．direct C．dangerous

D．legalE．tawdry

正确答案：B