英语句型练习

Hello, boys and girls.我是一般现在时，你们想知道我的故事吗？Let me tell you! 首先，介绍我的本领。我的本领有三样：

1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。

2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如：

The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 第二，请看我的面目--构成：

1. be动词：主语+be(am ,is ,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如： We study English.我们学习英语。

当主语为第三人称单数(he, she ,it)时，三单变化：

多数在动词后加s ，play—plays like—likes 以s，x，sh，ch，o结尾的动词加es go—goes wash—washes，以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改i再加es，fly—flies 。

第三，我的变化--否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句： 1. be动词的变化。

否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。

如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。

如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? 2.行为动词的变化。7069600

否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：He doesn't often play. 一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如： - Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如： - Does she go to work by bike?

- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?

同学们需要掌握的一般现在时第三人称单数形式：Lives, teaches, goes, watches, reads, does, works, does, doesn’t。

小朋友们，下次见到我时，千万不要忘记我是\"一般现在时\"啊！See you next time! 一般现在时练习

I. Choose the right answers to cloze.用括号内适当的形式填空。

1.We often _(play) in the playground. 2. He _ (get) up at six o’clock.

3. _you _ (brush) your teeth every morning. 4. What _(do) he usually _(do) after school? 5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?

6. _Mike sometimes __________(go) to the park with his sister. 7. At eight at night, she _ (watch) TV with his parents.

8 _ Mike _ (read) English every day?

9. How many lessons _your classmate________(have) on Monday? 10. What time _his mother (do) the housework? 11.He usually _____ (get)up at six in the morning. 1⒉She______(have) blues eyes.

1⒊We _______(go ) to school every day

1⒋The boy _________(like) playing football. 1⒌We_______(have)no classes on Sundays.

1⒍She________(write) to her mother once a week.

1⒎It _____(rain)quite often during the month of July every year. 1⒏She often_________(watch)TV on Saturdays.

1⒐Mike usually_________(ride) a bike with his friends in the park. 20 Peter and Mary often_______(play) badminton together. 23.My mother______(have) a lot of cousins.

21.Many people often _______ (listen) to the radio in the moring. 22.______(do)she _______(like) playing the violin?Yes,she______(do). 23.She_____(have)four brothers. She______(like) them very much.

24. He often ________(have) dinner at home. 25. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.

26.Sandy usually _______(play) the piano on Sundays. 27.The cat________(like) eating fish every much.

28. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term. 29. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening. II. Read and fill in the blanks.(选词填空)

Watches read goes gets eats lives works My aunt is a nurse. She likes music very much. She ______ in a big hospital. Every day she ______ up at 6:30. She ______ breakfast at 7:00. After breakfast she ______ to work by bus. She usually goes home at 5:30. After dinner, she often ______ TV and ______ books. At 10:30, she goes to bed.

III. Read the questions and circle the right answers.(读问题，圈出正确的答案) 1.Where does your pen pal live?

A. No, she live in the country. B. She live in the city. C. She lives in the city. 2.When does she go to work?

A. She go to work at 7. B. She goes to work at 7. C. Yes, she does. 3. Does Peter go to school by subway?

A. No, he does. B. No, he doesn’t. C. Yes, on foot. 4. What does Miss Green do?

A. She teaches English. B. Yes, she’s a teacher. C. At school. 5.Does she read newspapers at night?

A. Yes, she do. B. Yes, she does. C. No, she does. 6.What’s your pen pal’s hobby? A. She like reading. B. She like read. C. She likes reading.

一般过去时

1. 一般过去时的定义

一般过去时表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生了的事情或存在的状态。常与过去时间yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before „, when – clause, in the past连用。如： What did you do yesterday? 昨天你干了什么?

I met Lin Tao this morning. 今天上午我会到了林涛。 I was there a moment ago. 刚才我在那儿。 2. 一般过去时的应用

(1) 表示过去某时所发生的动作或存在的状态。如：

Liu Ying was in America last year. 刘英去年在美国。 Jim rang you just now. 吉姆刚才给你打了电话。 (2) 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。常接时间副词often, usually, always, sometimes, every day / week, etc. 如：

We often went out for a walk after supper. 我们过去常在晚饭后散步。 We usually played together. 我们通常一起玩。 3. 一般过去时对谓语动词的要求

一般过去时的谓语动词要用动词的过去式。动词过去式的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种形式，不规则变化通常需要逐个记忆，规则变化则遵循以下原则： (1) 一般在动词后加-ed。如：play—played, offer—offered, weigh—weighed, destroy— destroyed, sign—signed.

(2) 在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加-d。如：like—liked, provide—provided, hate — hated, date—dated。

(3) 在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后，则改y为i，再加—ed。如：supply—supplied, fly—flied, study— studied. (from www.yygrammar.com)

(4) 在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：plan—planned, refer—referred, regret—regretted, ban—banned. 4. 特别说明

有些动词的过去时，如：expect, hope, intend, plan, wanted 等一般过去时，后接不定式的完成时;或它们的过去完成时接不定式的一般式，都可表示过去未曾实现的意图、打算或希望。如：

一 、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式、过去式形式 go _______ _______ enjoy _______ _______

buy _______ _______ eat _______ _______ get _______ _______ walk _______ _______ take _______ _______ dance _______ _______ write _______ _______ run _______ _______ swim _______ _______ find _______ _______ begin _______ _______ eat _______ _______ play _______ _______ study _______ _______ 二、句型转换

1. The children had a good time in the park. 否定句：___________疑问句：__________

肯定/否定回答：_____________对划线部分提问： 2. There were about nine hundred people at the concert. 否定句：___________疑问句：__________

肯定/否定回答：_____________对划线部分提问： 3. Ann did her homework yesterday evening. 否定句：___________疑问句：__________

肯定/否定回答：_____________对划线部分提问： 4. Last week I read an English book. 否定句：___________疑问句：__________

肯定/否定回答：_____________对划线部分提问： 5. My brother was in the park just now. 否定句：___________疑问句：__________

肯定/否定回答：_____________对划线部分提问： 1、Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句） Lucy ________ _______ her homework at home.

2、He found some meat in the fridge（冰箱）.（变一般疑问句) ___________ he __________ ___________ meat in the fridge? 3、There was some orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句) _______ there _______ orange in the cup?

4. Frank read an interesting book about history. （一般疑问句） _______ Frank _______ an interesting book about history? 5. Why not go out for a walk? （同义句） _______ ________ ________ out for a walk?

6. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book. （否定句） Thomas______ _____RMB 10 on this book.

7. My family went to the beach last week. （划线提问） ________ ________ ________ family _______ last week?

8. I think she is Lily’s sister. （否定句。注意否定转移）____________________ 9. Sally often does some reading in the morning. （否定句） Sally _______ often ______ some reading in the morning.

10. He is a tall, thin boy. （划线提问） _______ _______ he _______ ________? 三、用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. Tom and Mary ___________ (come) to China last month.

2. Mike _________________(not go) to bed until 12 o'clock last night. So he ______ (get) up late.

3. Mary __________ (read) English yesterday morning. 4. Tom ___________ (begin) to learn Chinese last year.

5. My mother ________________ (not do) housework yesterday. 6. There ____________ a telephone call for you just now. (be) 7. -When _______ you _________ (come) to china? -Last year. 8. _________ (be) it cold in your city yesterday?

9. How many people ________ (be) there in your class last term? 10. There ________ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening,

but I _________ (have) no time to watch it.

四、改错题(请改正每个句子中的一个错误)

1.How is Jane yesterday? _________________________________________ 2.He go to school by bus last week. ________________________________ 3.He goes home at 6:00 last month. ________________________________ 4.I can fly kites seven years ago. ___________________________________ 5.Did you saw him just now. _______________________________________ 6.Tom wasn't watch TV last night. ________________________________ 7.I did not my homework yesterday. _______________________________ 8.He wait for you three hours ago. _________________________________ 9.Who find it just now? ____________________________________________ II. 翻译下列句子

1. 我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。

_________ _________ __________ __________but exciting weekend. 2. 上周六他们做什么了?他们做作业和购物了。

What ________ they _________ _________ Saturday?

They _________ __________ homework and _________ ________ __________. 3. 今天早上方方得做饭，因为昨晚他父亲不在家。

This morning Fangfang _______ _______ _______ _______ because his father _______ ________ ________ yesterday.

4. 他在打扫教室的时候，发现地上有块表。

When he ______ the classroom, he ______ a watch on the ground. 5. 他什么时候出生的?1980年。

---When _______ he _______ ---_______ 1980.

1今天早晨，我跟朱丽亚说了几句话。2 那些日子他总是工作到深夜。

3.我昨晚很疲劳。 4.他昨天很忙 5..你两天前没来学校. 6..他昨天不忙。 7上星期他们打过网球. 8..我们昨天没有玩好

9.他今天上午没上课 10..你没尽自已最大努力去做这件事

11你去年暑假做了什么？ 12.她去年上1年级 13..她不是去年上1年级。 14.她去年上一年级吗？ 15她去年上几年级？ 16.她什么时候上1年级？

17..我们昨天在一起。 18我们昨天没在一起。 19.你们昨天在一起吗？ 20.昨天你们在哪里？ 21.你们什么时间在一起？ 22..上周他们在上海。 23.他们上周没在上海。 24他们上周在上海吗？ 25.上周他们在哪里？ 26.他们什么时候在上海？

27.When I was young ,I liked playing gootball, 28.He was late for school yesterday. 29.What did you do last Friday? 30.When did you do to bed last night? 31.How did you go there? 32.Did you go to school last Sunday?

33.She got lost just now. 34.He bought a pen. 35.Who taught you ,when you were young? 36.How many books did you buy? 37.How much did you cost? 38.He was in Beijing last year. 39.Did you call me just now ? 40.He told me just now. 41.He did not find me yesterday 42.I washed my face yesterday. 43.I heard some noise outside. 44.I cried at home last night. 45He travelled to Australia two weeks ago. 46.I caught my cat in the garden this morning. 47.I was a student. 48.I wasn't a student. 49.Are you a student? 50.What were you?

现在进行时

一、现在进行时的构成 现在进行时由\"be+v-ing\"构成。be应为助动词，初学者最容易漏掉，它应与主语的人称和数保持一致。 二，现在进行时的应用

在实际运用时，现在进行时常用以下几种情况:

(1)当句子中有now时，常表示动作正在进行，这时要用现在进行时。如: They are playing basketball now.现在他们正在打篮球。

(2)以look, listen开头的句子，提示我们动作正进行，这时要用现在进行时。如: Listen!She is singing an English song.听，她正在唱英语歌。

3表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作，且此时有this week, these days等时间状语这时常用现在进行时如: We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型。 (4)描述图片中的人物的动作，也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进行时。如:

Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.看这幅图，那些孩子正在公园放风筝。

三，现在进行时的变化 肯定句式:主语+be( am, is, are)+现在分词+其它.

否定句式:主语+be(am, is, are) +not +现在分词+其它. 一般疑问句:Be(am, is, are) +主语+现在分词+其它?

特殊疑问句:疑问词+be(am, is, are)+主语+现在分词+其它? 四，现在进行时的用法(包括高级用法) 1,表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作。

Please don't make so much noise. I'm writing a composition. 不要吵闹。我正在写作文。 Let's set off. It isn’t raining now. 咱们出发吧。现在不下雨了。

这类情况常与now现在，at the present现在，at the moment现在，today今天，this week这个星期，this year今年等时间状语连用。有时通过上下文可以判断出应采用何种时态，如: It's four o'clock in the afternoon. The children are playing football on the sports ground. 现在是下午四点。孩子们在操场上踢足球。

Hurry up! We are all waiting for you. 快点!我们大家都等着你。

Look! They are reading over there under the tree. 看!他们在那边的树底下看书。 Listen! She is singing in the room. 听!她在房间里唱歌。

Where is Kate? She is reading in the room. 凯特在哪里?她在房间里看书。 Why are you crying? Is something wrong? 为什么哭呢?有什么不对? 2,表示现阶段正在进行而说话时不一定在进行的动作。

We are working in a factory these days. 这几天我们在一家工厂工作。 They are compiling a dictionary. 他们在编一本词典。

这类情况常与today今天，this week这个星期，this evening今天晚上，these days现在、目前等时间状语连用。

3,在口语中表示主语计划将要作的动作。

They are leaving for New York tomorrow. 明天他们将要动身前往纽约。 Is your brother departing soon? 你的兄弟很快就要启程吗?

这类情况常与come来，go去， leave离开，depart离开，arrive到达，stay逗留，start开始等动词连用。所用的动词必须是动作而不是状态，主语必须是人。 4,现在进行时与always等副词连用时带有感情色彩。

He's always quarrelling with others. 他老喜欢跟别人吵架。

She is constantly worrying about her son's health. 她不停地为她儿子的健康担心着。 The boy is forever asking questions. 那个男孩老是问问题。

这类情况常与always总是，usually通常，continually不断的，constantly经常的，forever永远、老是等副词连用。

5,有的现在进行时句子和一般现在时同义。用现在进行时表示问者的关切心情。 How are you feeling today? (How do you feel today?)你今天感觉如何? I am looking (look)forward to your next visit. 我盼望你下次再来。

Why are you looking(do you look)so sad? 为什么你看起来这么愁眉苦脸的样子呢?

6,有的动词用于现在进行时表示“逐渐”的含义。此种用法除了偶尔和now连用外，一般不和其他时间副词连用的。

Our study is becoming more interesting. 我们的学习变得越来越有趣了。

The leaves are turning red. 树叶渐渐地变红了。 The war is ending. 战争接近尾声了。 Wait a moment; I am finishing my supper. 等一会儿，我的晚饭就要吃完了。

适合于此种用法的动词有:bet/grow/become/turn/run/go变成，begin开始，forget忘记，remember记得，die死，finish完成，find发现，rise增强等.

7,“be”动词的现在进行时。“be”动词用于现在进行时表示说话者认为是短暂的、和平常不一样的、甚至是伪装的。

He is being foolish. 他在装傻。 He is being honest. 他表现得特别老实。 She is being rude. 她故意表现粗鲁。

I can't understand why he is being so selfish.我不明白此时他为何如此自私。

适合于此种用法的有:foolish愚蠢的，nice好的，kind好心的，careful细心的，patient耐心的，lazy懒惰的，silly傻的，rude粗鲁的，polite礼貌的，impolite无礼的等表示人的特性、性格的形容词。(“be”动词用于现在进行时表示人的行为，纯粹表示心理或生理的状态而不带有行动时或主语不是人时，“be”动词不能用于现在进行时)如: I am happy.(表语是纯粹的心理状态，不可用am being) 我很快乐。 He's tired.(表语是纯粹的生理状态，不可用is being) 他很疲倦。

It's hot today.(主语不是人，不可用is being) 今天很热。 常和现在进行时连用的时间状语

一、写出下例动词的现在分词形式

1)give____2)use____3)move____4)skate____5)draw____6)tell____7)ring____ 8)wear____9)get____10)put____11)hit____12)stop____13)keep____14)hurt____

15)know____16)lie____17)die____18)begin____19)forget____20)save____21)close____22)see____23)carry____

二、用现在进行时连写句子

1)Li Ping;learn;to;speak;English; 2)it;rain;now__ 3)they;watch;a football match;on TV__ 4)he;look;out of the window; 5)look;the dog;sleep;_6)listen;the baby;cry; 7)they;have a meeting;at seven o'clock__8)the students;prepare for;an English test;now; 三、将下例句子改成否定句，一般疑问句并作肯定否定回答， 1)The woman is making a cake in the kitchen。

2)We are having lunch now。 3)The boy is waiting for his mothe under the big tree。 4)You are playing the violin。5)Mary is doing her best to study English well。 6)The students are doing their homework now。 7)Please open the door。

1)Mike is climbing the hill。 2)We are having an English lesson now。 3)Li Ping is jumping like a monkey。 4)The students are reading the text now。

5)I am studying English。 6)He is closing the window。 四、对划线部分提问

1)The baby is listening to the music。 2)I am looking for a jacket for my son。 3)She is smiling to herself in the mirror。 4)The boys are visiting the history museum。 5)The old man is sleeping right now 6)The children are listening to the teacher of English。7)The cats are running up the trees。 _六、用动词的正确时态填空

1)I________(talk).You________(listen)tO me now.

2)Look,the boy__________(run)fast. 3)----What are you doing?

----I_________(do) my homework. 4)----_______the students_______(read) English. ----Yes,they are. 5)Tom_______(not study)English.He is studying Chinese. 6)----Who_______(sing)a song? ----Li Ying is.

7)The girl_______(not eat)bananas now. 8)----Where____they____(stand)? ----They are standing over there.

9)Look! The boy over there_______(ply) a model plane.

10)----What is Meimei doing now? ----She______(watch)TV with her parents 11)He____(study) English very hard.

12)We often____(buy)books and things like that in the shop. 13)Polly____(not eat) a banana now. 七、单项选择

1)Jack is_____with Jim.They are good____.

A:running;friend; B:running;friends; C:runing;friends D:run;friend's

2)Look! Mary____doing____homework. A:is;one's B:is;her C:are;his D:are;her 3)The Greens____supper now. A:is having B:are;having C:is haveing D:are;having 4)The children are____TV. A:watch B:seeing C:watching D:reading 5)Are the boys looking at the blackboard? Yes,they____.

A:aren't B:do C:don't D:are 6)There's____girl,she is very tall. A:second B:two C:a second D:all second

7)--Do you have a red pen?Which of the following is wrong? --____. A:Yes; I have one B:Yes,I have it C:Yes,I do D:Sorry,I don't 8)--Excuse me.May I borrow a pen,please? --____.

A:It doesn't matter; B:Thank you; C:Certainly,here you are; D:Not at all. 9)The boy is late for class.So he says tO the teacher,\"________\".

A:I'm sorry B:Excuse me,May I come in? C:Let me in, D:I don't want to be late. 10)I don't want a red apple.I want____.

A:green apple B:a green C:a green one D:one green 八、根据汉语意思完成下例句子 1)把你的自行车借我用一下好吗? May I____your bike,____? 2)我们正在做第一课的练习。

We____ ____the exercises oF the____lesson. 3)李先生是我的英语启蒙老师。 Mr Li is my_____ _____teacher.

4)你有支黑的吗? 5)对不起我来晚了

Do you have a _____ _____? I'm____that I came____here?

一、一般将来时的定义

一般将来时表示在现在看来即将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用时间副词tomorrow, soon或短语next year / week / month, in a few days, in the future, sometime 做状语。如：

What will you do this afternoon. 你今天下午干什么？ We will have a meeting tomorrow. 我们明天要开会。

He is going to study abroad next year. 明年他要出国学习。 二、一般将来时的基本用法及构成

一般将来时的基本用法是表示单纯的将来事实，由“will / shall + 动词原形”构成： We shall have a lot of rain next month. 下个月将下很多雨。 I think she will pass the exam. 我想他考试会及格的。 三、表示将来时间的几种常见方法

英语中除了“will /shall+动词原形”表示半来时态外，还可以有以下多种方法： (1) 用“be going to+动词原形”表示。主要表示打算和预测：

We are not going to stay there long. 我们不准备在那里多待。(表打算) I’m afraid they’re going to lose the game. 恐怕他们会赛输。(表预测) Look, it’s going to rain. 瞧，要下雨了。(表预见)

注：be going to 后接动词go和come时，通常直接改用其进行时态： Where is he going to go? / Where is he going? 他打算到哪里去？ (2) 用“be to+动词原形”表示。主要表示按计划或安排即将要发生的动作；有时也表示命令、禁止或可能性：

He is to leave for Beijing tomorrow. 他决定明天去北京。 Tell him he’s not to be back late. 告诉他不准迟回。

(3) 用“be about to+动词原形”表示。主要表示即将要发生的事： He is about to leave. 他即将要离开。

Sit down, everyone. The film is about to start. 大家坐好，电影马上就要开发始了。 注：该结构通常不与具体的时间状语连用： 误：He is about to leave soon [tomorrow].

另外，该结构在美国英语中还可表示“打算”(主要用于否定句)：

I’m not about to lend him any more money. 我不打算再借给他任何钱。 (4) 用“be due to+动词原形”表示。主要表示按计划或时间表将要发生某事： He is due to leave very soon. 他很快就要离开。

His book is due to be published in October. 他的书计划10月份出版。

(5) 用“现在进行时”(即be＋现在分词)表示。主要表示按计划或安排要发生的事： The students are leaving on Sunday. 学生们星期日出发。 We’re having a party next week. 我们下星期将开一个晚会。 注：该用法有时表示即将发生的动作： I’m leaving. 我走了。

(6) 用“一般现在时”表示。表示按规定或时间表预计要发生的事： The train leaves at 7:25 this evening. 火车今晚7:25分开。 Tomorrow is Wednesday. 明天是星期三。

We have a holiday tomorrow. 我们明天放假。 、三种将来时间表示法的比较

(1) “will / shall＋动词原形”与“be going to ＋动词原形” 两者均可表示将来时间和意图，两者有时可换用：

I think it’ll rain this evening. / I think it’s going to rain this evening. 我想今晚会下雨。

I won’t tell you about it. / I’m not going to tell you about it. 我不会把这事告诉你的。

但有时有差别：

① 若是强调某个意图是经过事先考虑好的，则通常要用be going to；若是表示某个意图没有经过事先考虑，而是在说话的当时才临时想到的，则通常用will。比较：

\"Ann is in hospital.\" \"Oh, really? I didn’t know. I’ll go and visit her.\" “安住院了。”“啊，真的吗？我还不知道。我要去看看她。” (临时想法，不能用be going to)

\"Ann is in hospital.\" \"Yes, I know. I’m going to visit her tomorrow. “安住院了。”“我知道，我打算明天去看看她。” (事先考虑的意图，不能用will)

② 若是有迹象表明要发生某事，通常只用be going to，不用will：

Look at those black clouds. It’s going to rain. 看那些乌云，要下雨了。 ③ 带有时间或条件状语从句的主句通常不宜用be going to，而用will：

When he comes back, I will tell him the news. 他回来时我就告诉他这个消息。 If he comes back, I will tell him the news. 他若回来我就告诉他这个消息。 (2)“be going to+动词原形”与“现在进行时” ① be going to主要表示主观想法或意图，而现在进行进表示将来则主要已经强调作出的安排。比较：

I’m going to wash the car if I have time. 若有时间我想洗洗车。(主观想法) I’m picking you up at 6; don’t forget. 我6点钟来接你，不要忘了。(已作出的安排)

② 但是当要表示主观无法控制的预测时，通常要用be going to，不能用现在进行时态： It’s going to snow before long. 不久会下雪。

Things are going to get better soon. 情况很快就会好起来。 ③ 当表示坚持要(不要)某人做某事时，两者均可用：

She’s taking [going to take] that medicine whether he likes it or not. 不管她喜欢不喜欢，她都得吃那药。

You’re not wearing [going to wear] that skirt to school. 你不可以穿那条裙子去上学。

(3) “be going to+动词原形”与“be to+动词原形”的区别

两者均可表示按计划或安排要发生的动作，有时可互换(但be to比be going to正式)： Where are we going to stay tonight? 我们今晚住哪里？

I’m (going) to play tennis this afternoon. 我打算今天下午打网球。 另外，be going to 还可表示预测，即根据已有迹象预测将要发生的动作，此时不能用be to：

Look, it’s going to rain. 看，要下雨了。 五、典型一般将来时考题详解

【例1】Turn on the television or open a magazine and you __________ advertisements showing happy families

A. will often see B. often see

C. are often seeing D. have often seen

分析：A。这是“祈使句+and +陈述句”句型，祈使句相当于一个条件状语从句，and后的陈述句的谓语用一般将来时，这是一个较为固定的句型。

【例2】He was hoping to go abroad but his parents __________ that they won’t support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.

A. were

deciding B. have decided

C. decided D. will decide

分析：B。因宾语从句中的时态是一般将来时，主句中的谓语动词不可能是过去时态，排除选项A和D; 由语境判断，不是“将要决定”，而是“现在已经决定”，所以排除D，而选B。

【例3】 —How can I apply for an online course?

—Just fill out this form and we __________ what we can do four you.

A. see B. are seeing

C. have

seen D. will see

分析：D。表示将要发生的情况，自然是用一般将来时。

【例4】If their marketing plans succeed, they _________ their sales by 20 percent.

A. will

increase B. have been increasing

C. have

increased D. would be increasing

分析：A。由于if条件从句用的是一般现在时，所以其相应的主句宜用一般将来时。

【例5】 Population experts predict that most people _________ in cities in the near future.

A. live B. would live

C. will

live D. have lived

分析：C。根据句中的in the near future可知要用一般将来时。

【例6】When I talked with my grandma on the phone, she sounded weak, but by the time we ________ up, her voice had been full of life.

A. were

hanging B. had hung

C. hung D. would hang

分析：C。从逻辑上说，当我在电话里和奶奶聊天时，她的声音听起来很虚弱；但到我们要挂电话时，她的声音又充满朝气。从逻辑上说，应该是“奶奶的声音又充满朝气”在先，“我们挂断电话”在后，如果是反过来的话，那说话者就无法听知道“奶奶的声音又充满朝气”之回事了。所以“挂断电话”应用一般过去时。另外，由于by the time后接的定语从句通常要用一般现在时代替一般将来时，用一般过去时代替过去将来时，所以选项D不能选。

【例7】—Ann is in hospital.

—Oh, really? I ________ know. I ________ go and visit her. A. didn’t; am going

to B. don’t; would

C. don’t;

will D. didn’t; will

分析：D。根据句意，在此之前说话人不知道安住院了，因此第一空用一般过去时；说话人打算去看她，这个动作还没发生，因此第二空用一般将来时。注意be going to与will表示将来的区别：表示临时的决定，要用be going to，不用 will(www.yygrammar.com)。

【例8】I’ll go to the library as soon as I finish what I ______. A. was

doing B. am doing

C. have

done D. had been doing

分析：B。句意是：我一完成我做的工作就去图书馆。由于“去图书馆”用的是一般将来时，说明要完成的工作是“现在”正在做的事情，故用现在进行时。又如：

He is studying architecture. 他在学习建筑。

The ambulance is carrying wounded people to the nearest hospital. 救护车正在把受伤的人送到最近的医院。 一、单项选择

( ) 1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.

A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be ( ) 2. Charlie ________ here next month.

A. isn't working B. doesn't working C. isn't going to working D. won't work ( ) 3. He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week.

A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be ( ) 4. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.

A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be ( ) 5. -_____ you ______ free tomorrow? - No. I _____ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be

( ) 6. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday.

A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give

( ) 7. - Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? -________. （不，不要。）

A. No, you won't. B. No, you aren't. C. No, please don't. D. No, please. ( ) 8. - Where is the morning paper? - I ________ if for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get ( ) 9. ________ a concert next Saturday?

A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are ( ) 10. If they come, we ________ a meeting.

A. have B. will have C. had D. would have ( ) 11. He ________ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.

A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to giving ( ) 12. He ________ to us as soon as he gets there.

A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote ( ) 13. He ________ in three days. A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back ( ) 14. If it ________ tomorrow, we'll go roller-skating.

A. isn't rain B. won't rain C. doesn't rain D. doesn't fine

() 15Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow? No, _ （不去）. A. they willn't. B. they won't. C. they aren't. D. they don't. ( ) 16. Who ________ we ________ swimming with tomorrow afternoon?

A. will; go B. do; go C. will; going D. shall; go ( ) 17. We ________ the work this way next time.

A. do B. will do C. going to do D. will doing ( ) 18. Tomorrow he ___ a kite in the open air first, and then ____ boating in the park. A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goes C.is going to fly; will goesD. flies; will go ( ) 19. The day after tomorrow they ________ a volleyball match.

A. will watching B. watches C. is watching D. is going to watch ( ) 20. There ________ a birthday party this Sunday.

A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be ( ) 21. They ________ an English evening next Sunday. A. are having B. are going to have C. will having D. is going to have ( ) 22. ________ you ________ free next Sunday?

A. Will; are B. Will; be C. Do; be D. Are; be ( ) 23. He ________ there at ten tomorrow morning.

A. will B. is C. will be D. be

( ) 24. ________ your brother ________ a magazine from the library? A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrow

C. Will; borrows D. Are; going to borrows

( ) 25. - Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon? -________ （好的）.

A. Yes, please B. Yes, you will. C. No, please. D. No, you won't. ( ) 26. It ________ the year of the horse next year.

A. is going to be B. is going to C. will be D. will is ( ) 27. ________ open the window?

A. Will you please B. Please will you C. You please D. Do you ( ) 28. - Let's go out to play football, shall we? - OK. I ________.

A. will coming B. be going to come C. come D. am coming

( ) 29. It ________ us a long time to learn English well.

A. takes B. will take C. spends D. will spend ( ) 30. The train ________ at 11. A. going to arrive B. will be arrive C. is going to D. is arriving 二、动词填空 1. I ______（leave）in a minute. I ______（finish）all my work before I ______ （leave）. 2. -How long _____ you _____（study）in our country? -I _____（plan）to be here for about one more year.

-I _____（hope）to visit the other parts of your country. -What ______ you ______（do）after you ______（leave）here? -I ______（return）home and ______（get）a job.

3. I ______（be）tired. I ______（go）to bed early tonight.

4. Mary's birthday is next Monday, her mother _____（give）her a present. 5. It is very cold these days. It ______（snow）soon. 6. -_____ you _____（be）here this Saturday? -No. I ______（visit）my teacher.

7. -______ I ______（get）you a copy of today's newspaper? -Thank you. 8. I am afraid there ______（be）a meeting this afternoon. I can't join you. 9. Mike ______（believe, not）this until he ______（see）it with his own eyes. 10. Most of us don't think their team ______（win）. 五、把下列各句译成英语 1．我叔叔今晚要来。

2．他没有打算住那座小屋。 3．我们要读这本书。

4．-你爸爸要去钓鱼吗？-不，他要去游泳。

一、现在完成时由“have/has+过去分词”构成，主要有两个含义：

①表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果，常用的时间状语有many times，just，yet，ever，never，just，already，so far, by now等。

I have already watched the TV play. 我已经看过这部电视剧了。（现在我对它不感兴趣了） ——Have you found your lost pen yet?

——No, I haven’t found it yet.（我很着急）

②表示动作或者状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许还将持续下去。用于延续性动词，常常与so far、for或者since短语连用。since + 时间点 /从句，for + 时间段，如for two months等。

二 、现在完成时态和一般过去时态的区别 1）现在完成时和一般过去时都能表示过去发生过的动作，但现在完成时表示过去动作对现在的影响，并且表示这一动作已完成或还可能继续下去；

2）而一般过去时与现在的情况没有联系，仅表示过去的动作，且这一动作到说话时已终止。因此现在完成时不能与表示明确的过去时间如：in1949，yesterday，last week等的状语连用，并且用when或where对这些时间和地点状语提问时，一般只用一般过去时。

三、在“it is first/second...time that...。”或在“it/this/that is the +最高级+名词+that...。”结构中，that从句中的动词常用现在完成时；在“it + be ...+since从句”这一结构中，be可用一般现在时或现在完成时，since从句一般用过去时。

现在完成时可以和带有 since 或 for 等表示“一段时间”的状语连用，表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始，一直持 续到现在。如： I haven't seen him for two years.

但是，像 come, arrive, buy 等终止性动词不能与表示“一段时间”的 状语连用。要用，必须改为“be（在）”等延续性动词来表述。

现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换： arrive→be here

die →be dead begin(start)→be on come back→be back fall

ill(sick,asleep)→be ill(sick,asleep) leave →be away get up→be up finish →be over open →be open close →be closed borrow →keep 或 be on →be in 或 be a member of„ go to school→be a student buy →have catch(a cold)→ have(a cold) begin to study→study get to know →know come to work→work 等 如：He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。 His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了。 The film has been on for ten minutes.电影已开始十分钟了。

We have studied English for three years. 我们（开始）学英语已三年了。 几点注意事项

（1）have been(to)与 have gone( to)的区别：have been(to)表示“去过某地（现在已经回来了）”，可用于 各人称；have gone(to)表示“去某地了 （说话时某人不在当地）”，常用于第三人称，前者可与 once , never, several times 等连用，后者则不能。 He has been to Beijing.他去过北京（已经回来了）

He has gone to Beijing . 他去北京了。 （还没有回来） have/has been in 待在某地

如：They have been in Beijing.他们呆在北京。

（2）终止性动词现在完成时的否定式，已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连 用。 如：

I haven't left here since 1997.自从 1997 年以来，我一直没有离开过这儿。 现在完成时态练习题 一 选择填空。

( ) 2. Her father ______in1990 and her husband ______for more than five years. (A) died ,dead (B) has died, dead(C) died ,has been dead (D) has died, has died ( ) 3. I have _____this nice watch for two years. (A) had (B) bought (C) borrowed (D) lend ( ) 4.He _____his home for ten years.

(A)has left (B)left from (C)has been away from (D)was away from ( ) 5.He _____a league member for three years

(A)is (B)has been (C)has become (D)have become ( ) 6.Lihua's brother has _______for two years

(A)joined the army (B)been an army (C)become a soldier (D)been in the army ( ) 7.He hasn't _____Quanzhou ever since he left school (A) left (B)been away (C)been (D)away

二 选择填空

( ) 1. ——Have you finished your homework ——Yes, I _______it last night (A) finish (B)finished (C)have finished (D)will finish

( ) 2.—— ________you ever _______to Nanjing ——Yes, I ______there last year. (A)Have„gone, have gone (B)Did„go, went (C)Have„been went (D)Did„go, has , been ) ( ) 3.——When _______you ________Lucy in New York?——I _________her for two years (A)did„meet, haven't seen (B)did„meet, don't see (C) have„met, haven't seen ( ) 4.He ______finished his homework yet .

( A) didn’t (B)haven’t (C) hasn’t (D) doesn’t have ( )5.——Have you ________traveled on the banch?——Yes, I have. (A)just (B)yet C)never (D)ever

( )6..——Have you finished your homework ——Not__________ (A)ever (B)already . (C)yet (D)just . ( ) 7 We haven't finished our homework，_____. (A) already ( (B)ever (C)yet (D)never

( )8.——Have you__________ learned English?——Yes, I've ________learned a lot. (A)never, ever (B)ever, never (C)ever, already (D)already. ever

( ) 9.——Have you finished your homework ________?——Yes, I've _____done that. (A) yet, already (B)already, yet (C)ever, never (D)still, just ( )10.John's father _______borrowed some pictures

(A ) has just (B)have ever (C)has yet (D)have already 三 用 since 和 for 填空 （一）

1) ______ two years _______ two years ago 2) _______ last month 3) _______ yesterday 4) _______ an hour ago 5) ______ she left here 6) _______ 4 o’clock 8) ______ 1999 9) ______ 4 hours 10) _____ lunch time （二）

1. He has lived in Nanjing ________ the year before last. 2. I’ve known him __________ we were children.

3. Our teacher has studied Japanese _________ three years.

4. She has been away from the city ___________ about ten years. 5. It’s about ten years __________ she left the city. 四 单项选择题

( )1.My mother has worked in this factory _____2 years. （A）about ( (B)for (C)in (D)since

（ )2. His father joined the party_________

(A)since three years ago(B)in two years' time (C)for three years (D)three years ago 3. The students have cleaned the classroom , ________?

A. so they B. don’t they C. have they D. haven’t they

4.We came to Nanjing three years ago, so we ________ here for three years. A. have been to B. have been in C. have been D. have gone 5.- How long ______you_______ your dictionary?- About two months. A. did; buy B. have; get C. have; had D. have; bought 6. He tells me he________ China for over five years

. A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D. has gone to China

7.________has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he _______ to Nanjing? A. How soon , comes B. How often, got C. How long , came D. How far, arrived 8. His uncle________ for more than 9 years. A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university 9. He has never surfed, __________(改成反意疑问句）?

10. They have been here since 2000 . (对划线部分提问) __________ have they been here? 11. The old man _________last year. He________ for a year.(die) 12. This factory opened twenty years ago.(改写句子，句意不变)