大学四级-1499

(总分：711.00，做题时间：90分钟)

一、Part Ⅰ Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)

1.1.良好的行为举止是一个人高素质的体质； 2.在当今社会中，良好的行为举止至关重要； 3.鼓励和号召人们注重个人举止，讲文明礼貌。 Good Manners

（分数：106.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Model Essay One Good Manners

People all over the world set great regard on good manners. To a certain degree, good manners indicate a person' s good education and breeding. In schools, it is part of students' moral training to develop good manners. A person with good manners always wins praise. On the contrary, people will frown on him if he behaves roughly and impolitely.

There are. good manners in which we hehave in public places. It is a good manner to offer help to the young, the old and the handicapped when they are in need of it. So is it to conduct ourselves politely and keep away from dilly words. Besides, we should guard against such minor offences as making a load noise, casting shells, smoking and spitting.

If everyone has developed good manners, people will form a more harmonious relationship. If everyone behaves considerately towards others and follows the social ethics, people will live in a better world. With the general mood of society improved, there will be a progress of civilization. Model Essay Two Good Manners

Good manners reflect good qualities of a person. Good manners mean good behavior and the right way of doing and saying at the right time. Friends can judge us and respect or despise us by our manners. If we are rude and impolite in speech, people will keep away from us.

Good manners make a great difference in your social life. Manners are important for both men and women and are very practical. Sometimes manners can count more than anything else in the first impression you make. They help you to make new friends and to get along with people. Good manners, such as sense of humor, a sweet smile, a cheerful \"hello\" or a short \"thank you\" reveal your good breeding and help clear up misunderstandings.

Good manners need constant development. You should always observe and learn good manners from other people in various situations. What' s more, you must also practice good manners yourself and keep at it until they become part of you.) 解析：

二、Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(总题数：0，分数：0.00) 三、Y(总题数：10，分数：70.00)

2.In order to retire its aging single truck cars, over the next six years, the company bought 45 double truck cars, half of which were second-hand, coming from Cleveland and Somerset, partly for lack of money.

（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：NG） 解析：

3.On March 17, 1936, rain combined with melting snows caused flooding, closing all of the streetcar lines. The Stonycreek washed out much of the Windber line; the Coopersdale car house was under five feet of water; 10 cars were trapped on the city streets;and two passengers were killed.

（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：NG） 解析：

4.World War Ⅱ caused a transit prosperity during 1941 and 1942. The company was able to buy 14 used streetcars.

（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Y） 解析：

5.Johnstown was the smallest city and the first city in the country to operate \"all electric\" St. Louis cars.

（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：NG） 解析：

6.On June 11, 1960 buses replaced all rail operations.

（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Y） 解析：

7.The industrial slowdown in the mid 1950's reduced service to only two PCCs on 3040 minute headways.

（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：N） 解析：

8.Trackless trolley operations were done away with and replaced by bus service in November 1967.

（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Y） 解析：

9.In 1941 and 1942 the citizens of Johnstown had thought about advisability of building 1.

（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：additional used cars）

解析：

10.When the company ordered 17 pccs in March 1945, it gave a surprise to the 1.

（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：transportation industry） 解析：

11.During 1957 a crossover was began to prepare conversion to 1.

（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：trackless trolley service） 解析：

四、Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension(总题数：0，分数：0.00) 五、Section A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)

六、Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.(总题数：1，分数：56.00)

（分数：56.00）

A.No news is good news.

B.The woman works in the post office. C.The man's family forgot him.

D.The man expects to hear from his family. √ 解析：[听力原文]

M: No mail for me today? They must have forgotten about me. I hope everything is all right at home.

W: No news is good news. Remember many things am slow these days. Q: What can we learn from the conversation?

[解析] 推理判断题。男士首先问道：今天没有我的信件吗?然后推测家里人一定是把他忘了，他希望家里一切都好，由此可推断出，男士期望得到家人的来信。而女士说“没有消息就是好消息。”进一步确认了这一推断，故应选D)。 A.He is interested in it. B.He approves of it. C.He objects to it. √ D.He doesn't care about it. 解析：[听力原文]

W：What do you think of the plan to build an atomic power station in the village?

M：I don't agree at all．It will rain the village．And in any case I don't think it is necessary． Q：What is the man's attitude towards the plan?

[解析] 观点态度题。女士问男士对于在村里建原子能发电站的看法，男士明确表示：他完全不同意，他认为这样会毁掉村庄，而且也没有必要。由此可知，男士对此计划持反对态度。 A.Steven is too young to leave home. B.Steven will be homesick in school. C.Steven has to learn to be independent. √ D.Steven should learn how to help others 解析：[听力原文]

W：Steven will be a college freshman in the fall．I'm a little worried about him．He's never been

away from home before．

M：Well，it has to happen sooner or later．He has to learn to take care of himself and to stand on his own feet．

Q：What does the man imply?

[解析] 理解归纳题。本题主要考查对男士话语的理解。女士为即将上大学的Steven表示担心，因为他从未离开过家。男士认为这一天迟早会到来，他必须学会照顾自己，学会自立(stand on his own feet )，故应选C)。

A.She is going to see a film.

B.She is going to attend a concert. √ C.She is going to the library. D.She is going to visit her friends. 解析：[听力原文]

M：Susan，are you free this evening? How about going to the movie?

W：I'm sorry．I have to go to the library now and then my friends had already invited me to a concert at eight．

Q：What is Susan going to do with her friends this evening?

[解析] 信息明示题。男士想邀请Susan 去看电影，但是女士因有约在先 (my friends had already invited me to a concert)而无法赴约。所以，今晚她要和朋友们去听音乐会。 A.In the library. √ B.In the shop. C.In the lab. D.In the restaurant. 解析：[听力原文]

W：Are you being served，sir? What call I do for you?

M：No，I'll try to get this book renewed．You know，it's so helpful that I can't finish my research paper without it

Q：Where does the conversation probably take place?

[解析] 关键词题。本题着重考查学生对关键词(get the book renewed)的把握。女士问男士是否需要服务，男士说他想要续借图书，因为他要参考这本书来完成论文。根据常识可知，续借图书应该发生在图书馆(library)。

A.The woman is being interviewed by a reporter. B.The woman is asking for a promotion. C.The woman is applying for a job. √ D.The woman is being given an examination. 解析：[听力原文]

M：Now，I'm going to start off by asking you a difficult question．Why would you like to get this post?

W：Well--first of all I know that your firm has a very good reputation．Then I've heard you offer good opportunities for promotion for the right person． Q：What do we learn from this conversation?

[解析] 推理判断题。男士问女士为何想要得到这个岗位(post)，女士回答说公司信誉很好(good reputation)，而且有良好的晋升(promotion)机会。对话内容讲述的是女士正在进行面试，由此可进一步推断出，女士在申请工作。 A.140 pounds. B.144 pounds. √

C.150 pounds. D.1 pounds. 解析：[听力原文]

M：Helen told me you had been on a diet．How much weight have you lost?

W：Well，to start with，I weighed 150 pounds．The first two months I took off ten pounds，but then I gained back four over the holidays． Q：How much does the woman weigh now?

[解析] 关键词题。本题的关键在于对数字的准确把握，需要进行简单的计算。女士在节食过程中，开始体重为150磅，前两个月减掉10磅，假期后又增加了4磅，进行简单的计算后不难得出女士现在的体重为(150-10+4) 144磅。

A.The man paid a lot to join the gym. B.The man has been working too hard.

C.The man has improved his physical condition. √ D.The man should ask for mere pay. 解析：[听力原文]

M：I've been working out at the gym since February so... I'd been waiting to get in better shape． W：You look terrific! Seems like all your hard work has paid off． Q：What does the woman mean?

[解析] 理解归纳题。男士说自己为了拥有好的体形，自从二月以来就一直在体育馆锻炼(work out)。女士夸奖说：看来你所付出的辛苦已经有所回报(all your hard work has paid off)，言外之意是说，男士经过艰苦的体育锻炼取得了很好的效果，故C)项正确。

七、Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.(总题数：1，分数：21.00)

（分数：21.00） A.San Francisco. B.Forest fires. C.Redwood trees. √ D.Survival skills. 解析：[听力原文] 19-21

M: Have you ever visited a redwood forest? I recently had a chance to go to Muirwoods National Monument north of San Francisco.

W: I've never seen a redwood tree. I really can't imagine how big they are.

M: The costal redwoods are the tallest living taings. Some are more than three hundred and fifty feet high. But none of the trees at Muirwoods is that high. You have to go further north in California to see the tallest trees.

W: You said that Muirwoods is near San Francisco? I guess it must be quite a tourist attraction. M: Yes, it's less than an hour's drive away, so it's easy to go to.

W: I've heard that many redwood trees are thousands of years old. Are the ones in Muirwoods that old?

M: The oldest documented age for a coastal' redwood is more than two thousand years. The trees at Muirwoods are 400 o 800 years old. W: Why have they survivied so long?

M: They have remarkable resistance to forest fires. Their tough, thick cover protects the trees during a fire. The coastal redwoods also like a damp, foggy climate.

W: Then since Muirwocds is near foggy San Francisco, it must be ideal for the trees' survival. I can't wait to go there and see them!

19. What is the main subject of this conversation?

[解析] 主旨大意题。对话中两个人多次提到了redwood forest，redwood tree，redwoods ，可见对话是围绕 redwood trees展开的，故选项C)是本题答案。 A.In Muirwoods. B.Near Los Angeles. C.In San Francisco.

D.Along the northern California coast. √ 解析：[听力原文]

Where can the tallest trees be found?

[解析] 推理判断题。男士句中指出沿海的红杉树长得很高，最高的树在加利福尼亚北部地区，因此可以得出可在加利福尼亚北部沿海地区见到最高的树木。 A.350 years. B.400 years. C.800 years. D.2,000 years. √ 解析：[听力原文]

Approximately what is the oldest documented age for a redwood tree?

[解析] 事实细节题。男士句中明确指出记载的最古老的沿诲红杉树的树龄超过二千年。

八、Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.(总题数：1，分数：28.00)

（分数：28.00）

A.Both a final examination and a term paper. B.Only a final examination. C.Only a term paper.

D.Either a final examination or a term paper. √ 解析：[听力原文] 22-25

W: Dr. Anderson, could you please clarify the requirements for this course? Some of us are a little bit confused about the final examination.

M: Oh? Well, you have two options in this course. You can either take a final examination or you can write a research paper instead.

W: Excuse me, Dr. Anderson. That's the point I need. you to clarify. What kind of research paper did you have in mind? A study? A report? A book review, perhaps? M: A report. A summary really, based upon current research in the field. W: How long should the report be7

M: Length is really not important. I should think that it would take at least ten pages in order to develop the topic, however.

W: And should we check the topic with you before we begin writing?

M: You may, if you wish. But the only requirement is that it relate to current trends in United States foreign policy. Are you considering writing a paper, Jane?

W: I'm not sure. I think that I'd like to know a little bit more about the examination. M: All right. One hundred multiple-choice questions covering both the lectures and the outside readings.

W: Didn't you say that you would give us one hour for the examination? M: Yes, I did.

22. What are the requirements for Dr. Anderson's course?

[解析] 事实细节题。Anderson 博士明确指出学生有两个选择：或选择参加期末考试，或选择写一篇科研论文。

A.A report. √ B.A book review. C.A research study. D.A five-page composition. 解析：[听力原文]

What kind of research paper has Dr，Anderson assigned?

[解析] 事实细节题。学生问了Anderson博士写什么样的论文这个问题，老师明确告知是报告。 A.An essay examination. B.An objective examination. √ C.An open-book examination. D.A take-home examination. 解析：[听力原文]

What kind of examination has Dr，Anderson prepared?

[解析] 推理判断题。Anderson 博士告诉学生期末考试是一百道选择题，根据常识，这属于客观试题，因此选项B)是正确答案。 A.English. B.Psychology.

C.Political' Science. √ D.Chemistry. 解析：[听力原文]

Which course does Dr．Anderson most probably teach?

[解析] 推理判断题。Anderson 博士告诉学生报告的内容需要与当前美国外交的趋势相关，因此可以推测该教师最可能教授的课程是政治学。

九、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00) 十、Passage One

Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.(总题数：1，分数：21.00)

（分数：21.00）

A.Soft water contains more dissolved minerals. B.Hard water contains more dissolved minerals. √ C.Hard water is not drinkable. D.Soft water is easier to drink. 解析：[听力原文] 26-28

The ground water can be divided into \"soft water\" and \"hard water\". Soft water has few impurities or none at all while hard water contains some more dissolved minerals. In general, hard water is drinkable, but it may have a slight taste because of various minerals.

One place where hard water can be found is a ground underlying a base of limestone and shale. Rainwater dissolves materials as it comes down and this results in water's taste and hardness. We can sometimes find ground water that is almost as soft as rainwater under a bare sandy area. These clays hard water from the underground is popular among the citizens of this country. They believe that mineral water is good for health, but some hard water has the dissolved minerals that are harmful to our body.

Scientists suggest that all the ground water should be specially treated before, it is sold.

26. What is the difference between bard water and soft water?

[解析] 事实细节题。软水和硬水的主要区别在于\"Soft water has few impurities... while hard water contains some more dissolved minerals．”故B)正确。A)将软水和硬水的水质特点弄混了；文章说到，一般来说，硬水是可以饮用的，所以选项C)不正确；而无论软水还是硬水，都要经过特殊的处理后才能饮用，因此排除D)。

A.Rain water dissolves materials as it comes down a base of limestone or shale. √ B.People put dissolved materials into the soft water. C.People treated hard water with special medicine. D.Rainwater mixed with seawater. 解析：[听力原文]

What causes the taste of ground water?

[解析] 事实细节题。从“Rainwater dissolves materials as it comes down and this results in water's taste and hardness．”可知，雨水下落时溶解矿物质，使地表水有了味道和硬度。 A.We should drink more hard water. B.We should drink mere soft water.

C.Ground water is good for the elderly people.

D.Ground water has to be, treated before we drink it. √ 解析：[听力原文]

What is the advice from the scientists?

[解析] 事实细节题。从\"Scientists suggest that all the ground water should be specially treated before it is sold. \"可知，科学家建议地表水必须在经过处理后才能饮用。

十一、Passage Two

Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.(总题数：1，分数：28.00)

（分数：28.00） A.The Arctic coast. B.The west coast. C.The east coast. √ D.The central plain 解析：[听力原文] 29-32

The climate of the west coast is the most moderate in Canada. Summers are cool and fairly dry and winters are mild, cloudy and wet. Even in mid-winter, average temperatures arc usually above freezing.

The central plain from the Rocky Mountains to Great Lakes is characterized by cold winters, short but hot summers, and light snow and rain. The large water-surfaces of Central and Eastern Canada produce considerable modification in the climate. Southern Ontario, and Quebec experience cold, damp winters and hot, humid summers.

Most of Atlantic Canada has a humid climate owing to its maritime character. Nevertheless, it experiences weather systems arriving front the dry continental interior as well as from the sea. The combined influence of these systems creates some of the most variable day-to-day weather conditions to be encountered anywhere in Canada.

The north-central part of Canada is usually snow-covered for more than half of the year, with a frost-free period of barely two months. Rain is relatively light. Further north, on the islands along the Arctic coast and round Hudson Bay, the land is always frozen. Average temperatures stay above freezing for only a few weeks of the year. The Arctic Islands and the northern border of

the mainland do not have a summer season of the kind known in Southern Canada. 29. According to the passage, in which part of Canada is the climate most changeable?

[解析] 事实细节题。文章中提到加拿大的中部湖区和东部地区气候变化相当大(produce considerable modification in the climate)，所以应选C)。A)文中提到北冰洋沿岸最冷(frozen)；B)文章中提到西海岸地区的气候最温和(the most moderate)；D)文中提到中部平原地区的气候特点是冬冷夏热，雨雪较少(cold winters，short but hot summers，and light snow and rain)。这道题问的是哪个地区气候最多变，这二项都答非所问，故应排除。 A.Ten-month frost. √ B.Modification. C.Humidity. D.No summer. 解析：[听力原文]

What characteristic does the north-central part have?

[解析] 推理判断题。文章中提到中北部地区大半年的时间为冰雪所覆盖，无霜期只有两个月(snow-covered for more than half the year，with a frost-free period of barely two months)，由此判断A)为正确答案。其他三项均不符合这一地区的气候特点，故应排除。 A.The west coast. √ B.The Arctic coast. C.Southern Ontario. D.Atlantic Canada. 解析：[听力原文]

Which part of Canada is the most moderate according to this passage?

[解析] 事实细节题。文章的第一句话就直接指出：加拿大西海岸的气候最温和(the most moderate)，所以应该选择A)。 A.Cold and dry. B.Humidity and heat. C.Light rain. D.Variation. √ 解析：[听力原文]

Which of the following can summarize the climate of Canada?

[解析] 推理判断题。文章介绍了加拿大各个地理方位的气候特点：西海岸气候温和，夏季凉爽，冬季多云湿润；巾部平原冬冷夏热，雨雪少；中部湖区和东部气候多变；大西洋沿岸属海洋性气候；中北部及北部地区严寒。综合所有的描述，可以总结山加拿大整个的气候特点就是具有多样性，所以应该选择D)。其他三项都只片面地涉及了某一地区的气候特点，故应排除。

十二、Passage Three

Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.(总题数：1，分数：21.00)

（分数：21.00）

A.She was greeted warmly by the large audience. B.She met a lot of old friends.

C.She felt excited to find she knew everyone there. D.She felt quite sad that ,she was a stranger there. √ 解析：[听力原文] 33-35

It was years since I had visited my hometown and I was determined to enjoy my stay. I went to

see my old friend, Tom Clark who, among other things, was a in ember of the Local Council. At the time Tom was busy making arrangements for a distinguished writer to give a talk on modem literature at the town library. As the subject interested me a great deal, I gladly accepted Tom's invitation to go with him.

Tom was going to introduce the guest speaker and that evening we went to the library to meet him. Since he had not yet arrived, I left Tom and went into the Reading Room where a large audience had already gathered. I was disappointed to find that I did not know a single person there. Just before the talk was due to begin, I saw Tom waving to me from the doorway. I went to him immediately, as he looked very worried. He explained that he had just received a telephone message from the writer's secretary. Our guest speaker had missed the train and would be unable to come! While we were talking about the problem, Tom suddenly asked me if ! would mind acting as speaker. 1 hardly had time to think 'about the matter when I found I was being led into the Reading Room to address the waiting audience!

33. What happened to the speaker when she first went into the Reading Room?

[解析] 理判断题。作者去看望老友，正赶上老友在组织一次讲演活动，便欣然答应去观看，但发现没有认识的人，所以有点失望，后又因演讲的人因故未按时出席而代替演讲者发言，所以问题中演讲者是指作者，而她一进入阅览室的感觉是失望的。

A.The talk was supposed to begin at other time. B.His secretary wouldn't come for help.

C.The guest speaker wouldn't be able to give the talk. √ D.He forgot to bring his opening address paper. 解析：[听力原文]

Why did Tom look worried before the talk was supposed to begin?

[解析] 事实细节题。Tom在演讲即将开始的时候着急的原因在第二段已经明确交代：因为接到被邀请的演讲者秘书的电话，说演讲者因误了火车而不能参加演讲，所以Tom很着急。 A.The speaker was an expert on modern literature.

B.The speaker had to give a speech without preparation. √ C.Tom had to give a speech instead of the guest speaker. D.Tom was a very, Careless person. 解析：[听力原文]

Which of the following is implied in the passage?

[解析] 推理判断题。Tom 在情急之下决定要说话者卜台演讲，所以说话者由本来的听演讲变成了做演讲，可见她是一点儿准备都没有，选B)。

十三、Section C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)

十四、There axe (36) research methods you can use to (37) information.(总题数：1，分数：77.00)

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：numerous）

解析：形容同，根据本句句意和空格后复数名词的提示可知，此处应为“许多的”之意。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：locate）

解析：动词，意为“找到，获取”，与 information 构成动宾短语，句意为“有许多调查方法可用来获取信息。”

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：finding）

解析：名词，意为“发现”此处的 finding the most information 与第二段第一句的aequire information 属于同义转述.

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：practice）

解析：名词，根据本句从句中的对应部分 each dish 可推断出此处为名词；而且，根据分句内容“烹饪技术随着做菜的实践而提高”不难推断出，运用这些方法的技巧随着实践而提高。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Conducting）

解析：现在分词，与interviews 一起构成分词短语作主语，意为“进行采访”。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：potential）

解析：形容词，意为“潜在的”，原句意为：通过图书馆的调查或与他人交谈经常会发现潜在的采访对象。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：schedule） 解析：谓语动词，意为“安排时间”。

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：responsibility）

解析：名词，根据常识可知，采访前应做好充分的准备，这是采防者的最重要的责任。

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Not only should you know about the person yon are interviewing，you need to know the questions you plan to ask．）

解析：[答题要点] You should have some knowledge of the background of your interviewee and your interview questions．

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：A set of interview questions increases the chances that you will precisely and accurately get the information you need．）

解析：[答题要点] Proper interview questions will help you to get the valuable information． 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Using a tape recorder helps you concentrate on what your subject is saying．）

解析：[答题要点] The use of a tape recorder is very helpful for you to focus on your subject．

十五、Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)(总题数：0，分数：0.00) 十六、Section A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)

十七、A subject which seems to have been insufficiently studied by doctors.(总题数：10，分数：.00)

12.

（分数：8.90）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：C）

解析：[解析] decide，determine 这两个词都有“决定”的意思，都可能被选为答案。但decide的含义是“不再迟疑不定”，而determine含义是把某件事确定下来，例如：to determine the guests to be invited(确定要邀请的客人)，这里内涵意思是：要请哪些人而不清哪些人。原文的含义是确定我们是属于哪种性格的人，所以应选择determining。 13.

（分数：8.90）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：O）

解析：[解析] 本题可以选择的答案为 exceptionally 或者 notably，前者 exceptionally 意为“例外地，异常地”；notably意为“值得注意地，显著地，著名地”。原文的语境是某—地力的居民身体状况格外好或者格外差，故应该选择exceptionally。 14.

（分数：8.90）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：N）

解析：[解析] Contributory意为“响．助于…的，有助于促成某一结果的”。原文的语境是：科学家已经找到一些起作用的因素。

15.

（分数：8.90）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：F）

解析：[解析] breeding 意为“饲养”，本文所指的是适合一些害虫，比如：蚊子、老鼠繁衍的地方。 16.

（分数：8.90）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：K）

解析：[解析] generalize 和 specialize是一对词形相似的反义同。两者的含义分别是：generalize“归纳，概括，推广，普及”，specialize “专攻，专门研究，使适应特殊目的，使专用于”。本文的语境是：我们能够归纳、总结出我们所结识的人的类型。 17.

（分数：8.90）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：I）

解析：[解析] be apt to 指“倾向于”，原文翻译为：生活在有着漫长冬天国家的人们总是不健谈。 18.

（分数：8.90）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：G）

解析：[解析] equable 和 steady 这两个形容词都有“缺少变化”的意思。steady 表示“连续性、规律性、稳定性或坚定性”，例如：steady progress (平稳进步)；the steady tick of the clock(钟表一成不变的滴答声)；equable暗示“由于内部或生来的特征导致缺乏变化，尤其是剧变”，例如：Her father，an equable and genial mall，is tolerant of her spirited stubbornness．(她的父亲，一个平和可亲的人，能容忍她倔强的脾气。)equable用来形容人们的脾气秉性。 19.

（分数：8.90）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：L）

解析：[解析] depth 意为“深，深度，深奥，深刻”，原文的意思是：对气候和地理进行深刻的研究。 20.

（分数：8.90）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：M）

解析：[解析] dweller 意为“居住者，居民”，在本文指山区居民。 21.

（分数：8.90）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：E）

解析：[解析] habitual 和 established两者的含义并不相同，habitual 意为“习惯的，惯常的”；established“已制定的，确定的”。原文指“习惯性的饮食方式”。

十八、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00) 十九、Passage One(总题数：5，分数：44.50)

22.Americans are still gaining weight though reducing the fat intake because______.

（分数：8.90）

A.they eat regular cookies instead of nonfat ones B.they eat too much √ C.they eat too much sugar

D.they eat low-fat crackers, soups

解析：[解析] 推理判断题。文章在第二段首句提出“But cutting fat from your diet doesn't necessarily mean your body Won't store fat．”由此可知，单纯从饮食中减少脂肪并不一定就意味着你的身体不会储藏脂肪。接着作者举例论证了这一说法，并在下文中提到“No matter where the calories come from，overeating will still cause weight gain．”(不论卡路里来自何处，总之过量的饮食就会导致体重的增加。)综上所述，B)项为正确答案。[避错指导]第二段第二句提到“... between nonfat and regular cookies，there's trivial difference in calories ...”(普通曲奇饼干与脱脂曲奇饼干的卡路里含量差别很小，因为制造商会增加糖分来替代脂肪。)故可排除A)、D)两项；他们吃人多的糖并不是他们体重增加的原因，而是过量的饮食，故排除C)。

23.What lesson did the computer programmer learn?

（分数：8.90）

A.He shouldn't eat any sugar. B.He should only eat nonfat food. C.He shouldn't eat any food. D.He shouldn't eat too much. √

解析：[解析] 事实细节题。文章第二段第四、五句指出\"No matter... a little quicker．”(不论卡路里来自何处，过量饮食都会导致体重的增加。只不过来自指肪的卡路里会稍微快一点让人的体重增加。)然后举了一个计算机程序员的经历加以说明，表明他亲身体验了这样的教训，故选D)。[避错指导]在作者举的例子中，那位计算机程序员控制了自己的脂肪摄入量，但过量食用不含脂肪却含有足够糖分的果冻，导致减重失败。由此可知：他在没有摄人脂肪的条件下，体重仍未减少，故排除B)；根据常识就可排除A)、C)两项。

24.What can be inferred from the passage?

（分数：8.90）

A.To avoid being overweight, people should eat nonfat food. B.Nonfat and regular food have no difference in calories. C.Americans think it necessary to count calories of food. √ D.We can eat nonfat food as much as we like.

解析：[解析] 推理判断题。从文章内容可知：脂肪中所含卡路里较多，但美国人由于过量食用卡路里少的食物，较之有些无脂肪的食物中由于糖分的添加而使卡路里摄入量加大而导致肥胖。由此推知，美国人认为有必要计算食物中卡路里的含量。[避错指导] 根据文章最后一段前两句可知，不含脂肪的食物电会变成附加的食物，当摄人的卡路里数量增加时，我们也会增重，故A)项不正确，D)项也与文意不符；由第二段第二句“…between nonfat and regular cookies，there's trivial difference in calories”可知，脱脂与普通食物在卡路里的数量上差别虽较小，但还是有差别的，故排除B)。 25.Which of the following contains fewer calories?

（分数：8.90） A.Fat. B.Sugar

C.Protein and carbohydrates. √ D.Amino acids.

解析：[解析] 事实细节题。根据文章首段第三、四句\"Fat has nine calories per gram．Protein and carbohydrates ... have just four．”可知，每克脂肪含九个卡路里的热量，蛋白质和碳水化合物分别会分解成为氨基酸和单糖，每克只含有四个卡路里，可见蛋白质和碳水化合物所含卡路里较少。[避错指导]每克脂肪含有九个卡路里，多十蛋白质和碳水化合物的四个卡路里，故排除A)；文中并未指出单糖和氨基酸所含的卡路里数，故排除B)、D)两项。

26.From Professor Barbara's experiment, we can learn that______.

（分数：8.90）

A.people increase the number of calories they eat per day and gain weight √ B.the \"low fat\" yogurt group ate less calories later than the other group C.two groups ate the same amount of yogurt

D.people who eat low fat yogurt will not gain weight

解析：[解析] 事实细节题。文章第三段第二、三句提到“When we add them to our diet,... was born out in...”，即当我们把不含脂肪的食物增加到我们饮食中时，实际上我们同时也就增加厂每天摄人的卡路里的数量，就会增加体重。这已被巴巴拉教授的研究所证明。下文接着就叙述了这位教授对两组妇女的实验，因此可知，这个实验是为了证明前面的理论，故应选A)。[避错指导]根据最后一段提到的“The ' low fat ' yogurt group ate significantly more calories later in the day than the other ”可知．”可知，食用低脂酸奶的那组在晚些时候比另一组人摄人了更多的卡路里，故排除B)；文中提到两组酸奶的卡路里的数量相同，但结果食用低脂的却摄人了更多的卡路里量，故可知这一组食用了更多的酸奶，故排除C)；从实验可知，食用低脂的人因摄人更多的卡路里并没有减肥，故排除D)。

二十、Passage Two(总题数：5，分数：44.50)

27.The big potential steel market is ______.

（分数：8.90）

A.in industrialized countries B.in agricultural countries

C.in Asia, Africa, and South America √ D.in European countries

解析：[解析] 事实细节题。由文章第一段第四句内容可知，随着以上这些地区经济重点转向工业，这一巨大的人口将消耗的钢铁比目前整个闲置的炼钢能力所希望生产的钢铁还要多，而“以上地区”指的就是第三句中的亚洲、非洲和南美洲。[避错指导]根据第一段第三句可知：工业国家钢铁的人均消耗量已经很高，故并不是最具潜力的钢铁市场，故排除A)；文章只讲到三个以农业为主的地区，并不是所有的农业国家，故排除B)；文中未提及欧洲国家，故排除D)。

28.According to the passage, what should a successful organization have?

（分数：8.90）

A.Large capital investments. B.The capability to change. √ C.Many employees.

D.A large production capacity.

解析：[解析] 事实细节题。文章第三段第二句提到“Change is... hallmark of successful organizations．”由此可知，应变能力是需要时间验证的发展机制，这种能力是成功组织的标志。

29.The phrase \"the best and brightest brains\" in the last paragraph means______.

（分数：8.90）

A.the freshest ideas

B.the most uselul res,,urces C.the must brilliant minds √ D.the most advanced technologies

解析：[解析] 语义理解题。在英语修辞中，用事物的部分代替整体，或整体代替部分的修辞方法被称为“提喻”，如：earn one's own broad (维持自己的生活)，这里用broad 代 living。在选项中只有C)项最为接近。 [避错指导]A)最新思想，B)最有用的资源，D)最先进的技术，这二项均与题中词组的意思相差甚远，均可排除。

30.It can be inferred from the passage that steel consumption______.

（分数：8.90）

A.has nothing to do with economical development B.has something to do with economical development C.has little to do with economical development D.has much to do with economical development √

解析：[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章第一段第三句“Steel consumption is an index of economic development and... ”可知，钢铁消耗量是经济发展的标志，工业国家的人均钢铁消耗量比以农业经济为主的地区高得多。由此可推知钢的消耗量与经济发展有很大的联系。 31.The best title for this passage would be______.

（分数：8.90） A.Steel Consumption

B.The Steel Industry and The Global Environment

C.How to Attract the Best Talent. s for The Steel Industry D.Current Challenges for The Steel Industry √

解析：[解析] 主旨大意题。本文主要阐述了目前钢铁工业所面临的四大挑战，故D)项为最佳题目。[避错指导]A)钢铁消耗，B)钢铁工业与全球环境，C)如何为钢铁工业吸引最佳人才，这三项只是钢铁工业所面临的部分挑战，不能概括全文内容。

二十一、Part Ⅴ Cloze(总题数：0，分数：0.00)

二十二、Being fit is more important than being thin.(总题数：20，分数：70.00)

32.

（分数：3.50） A.exchanges B.makes C.prepares √ D.runs

解析：[解析] 习惯搭配题。prepare for意为“为…做准备”，符合题意。[避错指导]A)exchange for意为“交换，兑换”，如：The deputy manager exchanged the company's interest for his personal honor．(这个代理经理为了个人荣誉而出卖了公司的利益。)B)make for意为“有利于”，如：The large print makes

for easier reading (大号字体便于阅读。)D) run for意为“竞选，逃跑”，如；run for president (竞选总统)。 33.

（分数：3.50） A.want B.dislike C.choose √ D.prefer

解析：[解析] 语义衔接题。根据下文的提示\"Choose? Who would choose life as a fat person...”，可以猜测出此空格处应为C)choose。 34.

（分数：3.50） A.on B.back √ C.around D.in

解析：[解析] 语义衔接题。本题所在句意思是上句意思的延续，即节食过后，体重经常会反弹。gain back与regain同义，此处表示体重的反弹，故B)项为正确答案。[避错指导]A)gain on 意为“逼近，赶上”；C) gain 与 around 不能搭配；D)gain in意为“在…方面有所增加或增长”。 35.

（分数：3.50） A.preference B.prescription C.preservation D.prejudice √

解析：[解析] 名词辨析题。prejudice 意为“偏见，成见”，根据常识可知，在日常生活中，人们一般对肥胖者存有偏见，所以D)项与上下文相符。[避错指导]A)preference意为“偏爱，优待”，如：have a preference for (偏爱…)；B) prescription 意为“规定，处方”，如：a medical prescription (药方)；C)preservation意为“保存，维护”，如：the preservation of world peace(维护世界和平)。 36.

（分数：3.50） A.better B.rather √ C.prefer D.enjoy

解析：[解析] 结构衔接题。would rather do... than do... 为固定句式，意为“宁愿…不愿…”。句子下文出现than，可推断出此处应为rather。[避错指导]A)had better do... 为固定句式，意为“最好，应该”，如： prefer coffee to tea (喜欢咖啡胜过茶)；D)enjoy后接名词或动名词作宾语，表示“喜坎，欣赏”，如：enjoy free medical care(享受公费医疗)。 37.

（分数：3.50） A.justify √ B.identify C.simplify D.clarify

解析：[解析] 动词辨析题。根据上下文内容以及空格后的宾语judgments about fat people(关于对胖人的看法)可推知，此处表示“证明”之意，所以应选A)justify。[避错指导]B)identify 意为“识别，鉴定”，如：identify handwriting(鉴定笔迹)；C)simplify 意为“简化”，如：a simplified text(简易读本)；D)clarify意为“阐明”，如：clarify one's intentions(阐明意图)。 38.

（分数：3.50） A.work

B.exercise √ C.eat D.relax

解析：[解析] 动词辨析题。本句说的是肥胖者锻炼与正常体重者不锻炼相比，哪一种人的死亡率较高。从句子结构来看，本句中包括两个定语从句，分别位于obese men 与 normal weight men之后，根据后一个定语从句的内容normal weight men who do not exercise 可推断出空格处也应为exercise。[避错指导]这三个词均属日常生活用词，但都与句意不符。 39.

（分数：3.50） A.compared B.hated C.preferred √ D.predicted

解析：[解析] 习惯搭配题。prefer 常与to 连用，表示“更喜欢…，宁愿…不愿…”，根据本句句意以及后面的to images of fat kids，可推断出只有C)项符合。[避错指导]A)compare可与to 搭配，意为“把…比作，比喻”，如：A teacher's work is often compared to a candle，(教师的工作常被比作蜡烛。)B)hate可与to搭配，意为“不喜欢”，如：I hate to interrupt a man when he's busy working.(一个人忙于工作时，我最不愿打搅人家。) D)predict常与that连用，意为“预测，预言”，如：She predicted that he would marry a doctor．(她预言他将娶一位医生) 40.

（分数：3.50） A.profitable √ B.terrible C.undesirable D.accessible

解析：[解析] 形容词辨析题。根据下文的\"earning $33 billion each year\"可推知此处是说减肥产业是非常赚钱的(profitable)，故A)项为正确答案。[避错指导]B)terrible意为“糟糕的”，如：a terrible performance (糟糕的表演)；C)undesirable 意为“不受欢迎的”，如：undesirable intrusions (不受欢迎的侵扰)；D)accessible意为“易接近的”，如：He is proud that his wife is accessible to reason．(他的妻子通情达理，对此他引以为豪。)

41.

（分数：3.50） A.naturally √ B.instinctively C.increasingly D.absolutely

解析：[解析] 副词辨析题。上文提到遗传对人的体重具有一定的影响，下文也提到遗传学是科学，所以可猜测出此处意思是指：有些人天生就胖。所以应选 naturally(天生地)。避错指导，B)instinctively 意为“本能地”；C)increasingly 意为“逐渐增加地”；D)absolutely 意为“绝对地”。 42.

（分数：3.50） A.views B.theories C.myths √ D.sayings

解析：[解析] 名词辨析题。 下文有一个that引导的句子，而空格处应为其同位语，其大意为：历来有许多关于肥胖者的荒谬说法，即胖人都有饮食紊乱和感情或精神方面的问题。从文章内容可知，这种说法缺乏理论根据。由此可推断出C)myths(虚构的理论)为正确答案。[避错指导]A)view意为“观点，看法”，指个人的察觉、判断或者解释，如：air one's views(公开发表意见)；B) theory 意为“理论，见解”，如：integrate theory with practice (理论联系实际)；D)saying 意为“谚浯，话”，如：Saying and doing are two things．(说与做是两回事。) 43.

（分数：3.50） A.reduce B.decrease C.decline D.lose √

解析：[解析] 动词辨析题。为避免来自各方面的歧视，很多美国妇女积极减肥。lose weight 是减肥的习惯表达。[避错指导] A)reduce意为“减少，缩小”，指在范围、数量上或程度上减少或降低，如：reduce one's expenditure (减少某人的开支)；B)decrease 意为“减少”，指在数目、数量或强度方面逐渐变小或变少，如： It is necessary to decrease the amount of coal used．(缩减用煤量是必要的。)C)decline意为“下降，衰落”，指质量或重要性上的降低或减少，如：an empire that has declined(业已衰落的帝国)。 44.

（分数：3.50） A.as B.if √ C.whether D.while

解析：[解析] 逻辑衔接题。本句大意为：______他们确实想减肥的话，他们可以做到。根据上下文内容以及本句句意可知，此处应为条件状语从句，所以关系连词应为B)if. [避错指导]A)as可引导时间、原因和让步状语从句；C)whether 后可接让步状语从句；D)while引导时间状语从句。 45.

（分数：3.50） A.disgrace B.distinction C.discrimination √ D.dishonor

解析：[解析] 语义衔接题。discrimination 意为“歧视”，根据上文内容以及空格后的内容that affects fat people in every part of their lives 可知，______ 影响着胖人生活的各个方面，且比prejudice(偏见)更近一步，因此可判断出此处为“歧视”。[避错指导]A)disgrace意为“耻辱”，如：Being poor is no disgrace．(贫穷并非耻辱。)B)distinction 意为“差别”，如：make a distinction between(对…加以区别)；D)dishonor意为“不光彩”，如：bring dishonor to one's family，country (使自己的家庭、国家蒙羞)。 46.

（分数：3.50） A.benefited B.effected C.worked √ D.produced

解析：[解析] 动词辨析题。本句意为“如果减肥食品都______，我们现在不就都成瘦人了吗?”据此可推知，空格处为“有效，起作用”之意，故C)项为正确答案。[避错指导]A)benefit意为“有益于，有助于”，常与from 和 by连用，如：The plants benefited from the rain．(植物得益于这场雨。)B)effect意为“招致，达到 (日的等)”，如：effect one's purpose (达到目的)；D) produce 意为“生产，制造”，如：produce electricity(发电)。 47.

（分数：3.50） A.although B.as C.since √ D.but

解析：[解析] 逻辑衔接题。根据上下文内容可知：人的体重足由多种因素决定的，所以认为如果想减肥就能成功的观点是完全不符合逻辑的。由句意可知，空格处应表示原因，因此应选since。[避错指导]A) although 表示转折关系；B)as引导原因状语从句时，通常置于句首，如：As you are tired，you had better have a rest．(既然你累了，最好休息一下)D)but为转折连词。 48.

（分数：3.50） A.abiding B.according √ C.relying

D.depending

解析：[解析] 习惯搭配题。according to 是介词短语，意为“按照，依据”。另外，according as 意为“视…而定，根据”。[避错指导]A)abide 与by 搭配构成动词短语，意为“遵守，坚持”，如：abide by the rules(遵守条例)；C)rely和D)depend 常与on (upon) 连用，意为“依靠，依赖”，如：rely/depend on one's own efforts(依靠自己的努力)。 49.

（分数：3.50） A.repeat B.recover C.regain √ D.refresh

解析：[解析] 动词辨析题。本句讲到：许多美国妇女在积极减肥，然而却有着惊人的失败率，有95%的节食者在两到五年内______他们所减掉的体重，由此可推知，此处应为“重新增加”。[避错指导] A)repeat意为“重复，反复”，如：to repeat a mistake (重犯错误)；B)recover 意为“恢复，复原”，指使自己恢复到正常的状态，如：recover one's reputation (恢复名誉)；D)refresh 意为“恢复”，指精力通过休息、食物或饮料得到恢复，如：refresh oneself with a cup of tea(喝杯茶提神)。 50.

（分数：3.50） A.research B.study C.investigation D.survey √

解析：[解析] 名词辨析题。survey 意为“调查，测验”，通常指测验。从上下文来看，文中所指应是对大学生关于肥胖问题的测验，故应选D)。[避错指导] A)research 一般是指科学家或学者进行的调查或研究，如：He made a research into the cause of cancer．(他对癌症病因进行了研究。)B)study指对某种专题或特别问题的调查和研究，如：make a study of history (研究历史)；C) investigation 通常指正式的或官方的调查，以弄清事实的，如：the investigation of a crime(调查罪行)。 51.

（分数：3.50） A.mistakes B.flaws √ C.shortcomings D.errors

解析：[解析] 名词辨析题。flaw意为“缺点”，指物品上的缺陷、缺点或瑕疵，也指人的性格．上的缺点。由此可知，B)项为正确答案。[避错指导]A)mistake 意为“错误，误会”，指人的行为、观点或言论上的错误，或是由于有缺陷的判断、知识不足或粗心造成的失误或错误，如：admit a mistake(承认错误)，eradicate mistakes (消除误会)；C)shortcoming 意为“缺点，短处”，一般指某人的性格和能力上的缺点或某产品、系统上的不足，如：Not being punctual is his greatest shortcoming. (不守时间是他最大的短处。)D)error意为“错误，过失”，指无意识地偏离正确的行为、主张或信念，如：amend one's error(改正自己的过失)。

二十三、Part Ⅵ Translation(总题数：5，分数：35.00)

52.He found it very difficult 1(赶上)the development of physics.

（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：to keep pace with）

解析：[解析] 本题主要考查 keep pace with的用法，表示“赶上，追上”；另外，find it difficult后应加动词不定式形式。

53.The danger of extinction of tiger 1(不容忽视).

（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：shouldn't be ignored）

解析：[解析] 本题着重考查将中文的主动形式译为英文的被动形式，另外“不容”根据英文的表达习惯应译为shouldn't。

.Our conclusion is based on all available knowledge, 1(而不是基于猜测和想像).

（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：rather than guess or imagination）

解析：[解析] 本题主要考查rather than的用法，意思是“而不是”，表示对后面内容的否定。 55. 1(毫无疑问)that people pay more and more attention to health.

（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：There is no doubt）

解析：[解析] 本题考查固定句型：There is no doubt that...，表示“…是毫无疑问的”。 56.The rude people will 1(迟早要付出代价).

（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：pay the price sooner or later）

解析：[解析] 本题主要考查短语的固定表达：pay the price表示“付出代价”，sooner or later 表示“迟早”。